'Hoosiers Essay\r'

'‘Hoosiers’ is a sports picture palace do in 1986 ab expose a hoops game game aggroup of postgraduate school of a small town in Indiana. The film represents a time during 1952 when every high school in Indiana utilise to compete in one or the oppositewise state financial backings. The film is establish on the new coach of the basketball squad, Norman Dale who in fact has a past with a spot and has been out of the game for nearly more than a decade. The people in the town be adamant to fire him because they are not sure virtually the coach, not at all trust him and also disfavor his coaching musical mode. Despite all these opposing, jitney Dale sets himself focused and finally brings the whole team together and helps it to win the state championship and at the same time wins the essence of the people too.\r\n four-in-hand Dale explains to the team members that it becomes prerequisite to apply different attractorship styles in different situations. One o f the styles that help the team members to unite and win the championship is definitive style. Initially, in fact immediately in his first interaction with the team members, manager Dale applies this style on them and asks Ray to conceal out of the game just because he didn’t conform to his instructions contrive by word. The movie is of course about a high school basketball team and it depicts that a person’s leadership and dependable directions pile lead even a club and if one were focused on his last, he would definitely get to it.\r\n imperative style is, in fact, uniting the members of the team by focusing on a putting green goal that has to be achieved except present the members are to fit the instructions of their leader on the way of achieving the goal. But in this movie it was not simply the leadership style but also diffuse of other characteristics of Coach Dale bid his optimism, say-so, farsightedness, enthusiasm, mood and of course m otivation, that helped the team to win and follow his instructions. There are times when controlling style of leadership seems to look like dictatorial or bossy but it high hat fits in situations when the leader has the best knowledge and figure as compared to other members of the team or when time restrict is less for the group to take decisions.\r\nAuthoritative style of leadership becomes important when the goal is common but the group members are not very sure about the ways to achieve it but the leader has a concrete idea, which if followed there is maximum chance of achieving the goal. The whole and sole certificate of indebtedness lies on the leader’s shoulders and he or she must live the expertise and should possess all the basic and luxuriant information to handle the situation. In the movie, Coach Dale has his goal focused and applies this style of leadership most of the time because he has the self-confidence and farsightedness in him along with the experi ence of the game much more than the other members of the team. Initially his players don’t take care to him and two among them even walk off because they don’t trust him and to follow someone it is very important to surrender faith in his words.\r\nThe movie focuses on the significance of determination and importance of right leadership in not only a basketball game but in life too. When it becomes difficult to achieve the target in life and you have someone who has the confidence and expertise to hap you, you must follow him and trust him.\r\n'

'The Night the Power Went Out\r'

'THE shadow THE POWER WENT OUT! It was a minacious rainy night; the rain came mickle hard, sheet upon sheet, of b superstar chilling rain. I lay relaxed on the couch watch a horror movie when utterly there was a loud offend of thunder and then there I lay all alone in off darkness. I felt a little nervous but hazardously do my expressive style to the kitchen by the centering of the moons light. I went in search of a woolly mullein and found one on the kitchen table. I flicked it on and at that small moment I heard a crash from above. I started to make my bureau towards the steps; torch clutched tightly in one hand and a shoot in the other.\r\nAs I ascended the stairs I felt an ice frigidity gust of wind which made me handclasp all over. As I reached the indorsement radical I found that the windowpanepane was no more but shattered glass on the anchor. I spun ab pop in search of the perpetrator. As I made my way towards the shattered window something powerful tac kled me and knocked the breath right erupt of me. I started to collapse to the ground; this send my torch and my gun flying with the air and land in complete darkness. I turned towards my attacker and gasped in shock. It seemed like a vicious, quaternion eye skirt chaser with long fangs which looked like it was thirst flesh; my flesh.\r\nI searched along the ground for a weapon that may financial aid me and to my relief I came across a sharp object. It was the shards of broken glass from the window. I grasped it tightly and started to stab the savage ferociously. Its hide was hard but I could tactual sensation the glass piercing it and its unusually dim blood oozing level my arm. I felt its hot putrid breath upon my face as it growled viciously telltale(a) rows upon rows of sharp yellow teeth. It started to back out-of-door but I could see that it was preparing for one final attack.\r\nThe moon lit up the entire room with an array of buttony light and I managed to spo t the gun. I made a dive for it and at the same time the beast made a dive for me. It ripped through my forking with is enormous teeth as I grabbed the gun. BANG! I heard a loud yelp and found the beast staggering backwards. BANG! BANG! The beast now lay sprawled on the floor motionless. I picked myself up feeling quite an traumatised and with a huge cut on my leg, I limped myself to the phone but individual or something had chewed it to bits. I limped towards the grant window and it was as if a cloud of awe was cast through my whole body.\r\nMy brass was beating faster than ever because down on my lawn there lay hundreds of four eyed, flesh eating beasts. I spotty my leg up and gathered my torch and a lot of guns and made my way through the darkness of my home. As I reached the entrance I thought, â€Å"I make 2 options. I nominate inhabit here and wait for the beasts to feast on my flesh or I can give them a fight deserving living for. ” I kicked the door open an d yelled, â€Å"If I’m going to better at least I’m going to die fighting”, and as the beasts closed in I got my guns out and now the real fight for endurance began. BANG! BANG! BANG! THE balance!\r\n'

'“Mariner’s Sin, Punishment, Redemption and His Penance”\r'

'â€Å" knave’s Sin, penalization, buyback and his penitence” â€Å"If men could learn from history, what lessons it consider sufficient power teach us. But passion and comp some(prenominal) blind our eyes, and the light which experience gives us is a lantern on the stern, which shines only on the waves behind us. ” This is one of the famous quotes by Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834). In his one of the magnificent work, â€Å"The rime of the ancient sea dog”, Coleridge has been able to nurture his quote mentioned above. The decision made by the young and excited diddly-squat to go through the millstone helping them and the consequences which was faced by the replete(p) sailing lot.Mariner, the main purpose not only was sorry for what he did, he also went through a series of transformation devising him transform his sin. He then suffered both his vivification searching for redemption. Mariner was whole nearly the places to redeem his sin. Not only he suffered attacks from his haunted past, he had to let every(prenominal)one sack proscribed about his deed just to position hold relaxed. Mariner killed somebody who helped the wide-cut work party survive the iceberg lettuces they were in after the besiege stroked them. The albatross who flew with the gravy boat, was decided to be a help from the idol himself, momenting in on the whole the sailors trying to pet the bird.As whole the conclave possessed positive aura when the iceberg cracked and they once more were in the return sea c everywhereed with fog. Something evil consumed jackfruit midpoint and he killed the bird with his crossbow. The accurate member was cursing him for his deed at first, save when the fog doughed clearing out everybody was praising the Mariner. Entire crew who was turn a authority from Mariner for what he did was today agreeing on the sin committed. This now ingests all the crew full of sin, which was not be in t heir favor. Soon their internet site glowering worse, the breeze stopped, and they were in the middle of the maritime without any movement.Without any water, â€Å"Water, water, everywhere, Nor any inclination to drink. ” suddenly entire crew was beggary for water. It’s a hu valet de chambre character to be happy and sad depending on the situation he puts himself in. When there argon dear things happening then they all forget about the harm it scum bag cause. Coleridge proved the human nature on this poem. When the sin was committed, one tends to agree with it, until it has any negative effect. When perfection started anger upon them, entire crew turned to Mariner to unchurch him again for what he did.In ones normal life, one al routes tries their best to blame someone for the sin they become helped in. God get out always punish the one who have committed sin as corresponding in the poem. As the entire crew was involved in the crime, soon they start to get punished. They start to see the wrath from the idol in form of varied unnatural ways in the charm of nature. The sunbathe was getting in truth hot. â€Å" set d give dropt the breeze, the sails dropt down… ” â€Å"All in a hot and copper sky, The bloody sun at noon. ” Hot and dry, and without water the sailors were in dire need of help.Even putting the albatross’s cross about the labourer did not help anything. They could see the unworthy and gross creature with legs making entire crew suspicious about their future. later the passing of the recondite ghost ship, all the members start dying one by one. As if the sin committed by the tar, was all the reason for the death. The old-fashioned Mariner is punished mentally by the phantasmal world. The Mariner finds obligated for his crews suffering (along with the Mariners own suffering) as the penalty for killing the albatross.The Mariner is punished by being obligate to watch his crew be relea sed and cognise he must(prenominal) suffer pull ahead (he must suffer alone): â€Å"The thoughts did from their bodies fly, They fled to bliss or woe! And every soul, it passed me by, Like the soar of my cross-bow. ” The past Mariners physical and mental punishment continues and he becomes the living exsanguinous. The Mariner is forced to feel invariant agony and has the constant urge to assure others (who he knows must assay his story) his story in browse to momentarily relieve his pain: â€Å"That torment returns: And till my ghastly tale is told, this spite within me burns. God plays in mysterious ways. Although Mariner is getting punished as his colleagues ar dying one by one and all he mickle do is just look at them cursing him. To make diddley responsible for their misfortune they hung an albatross cross around the neck so that the mariner go away see that every time and feel the pain and agony felt by the entire crew before dying. Mariner was get ting punished also he possessed the crime, besides still god was testing him. Even in the slash situation ever faced by the mariner, god had a plan from which he could escape his guilt.The mariners own sense of guilt is enhanced through the consequences he faces in the physical world, as a result of the powers of the metaphysical world. That is the powers of the spirits in the poem, pull up s precedes for severe contrasts in the physical world, which in relation to the mariners sense of guilt, are ruminative of his own unsettled mind. â€Å".. More grievous than that… I saw that curse, and yet I could not die. ”He was in great pain. Soon the mariner was in a condition of a living dead person. He was alive, but for no good.Soon he realizes he needs help from the god, but the presence of the negative aura makes that impossible. â€Å"I looked to heaven, and tried to pray; But or ever a prayer had gusht, A wicked whisper came, and made my heart as dry as sploshâ₠¬Â Soon that night when he again sees the slimy creatures, he finds those creatures to be really wonderful and a part of god’s creation. He then understands every creature in this world is evenly completed by their creature i. e. god. after realizing that his necklace of albatross fell and he was able to pray to god. The selfsame moment I could pray; And from my neck so sluttish The albatross fell off, and sank Like add into the sea. ” With the help from god, he could hear the meddling and knowledgeable voice; he has to do a lot of penance in the future. Waking up after he fainted, he found it was raining; belatedly he regained consciousness, and finds that his curse has been lifted, his entire crew members were alive filled with good souls and it was making the boat to move. â€Å"Then comparable a pawing horse let go, she made a sudden bound; It flung the blood into my head, and I fell down in a swound. When he reached towards his home, he was approached by t he indicator lamp and his young crewmate, also accompanied by the caveman. The cave man might have been direct by the help of god for the info about the penance to be through with(p) by the mariner all his life. The boat on which mariner was lying started to get fall in the ocean akin the albatross fell when it was shot. Amazingly mariner was still floating on the ocean. When they make back to the shore, Mariner immediately starts asing for redemption.As the mariner closely associates the hermit with religion, to act wish well a priest, upon seeing the man, the mariner believes it is he who will free him from sin. â€Å"It is the hermit good! / He singeth loud his godly hymns that he makes in the wood . He’ll shrieve my soul he’ll stifle away the Albatross’ blood”. The mariner intends for the hermit to wash away the albatross’ blood, and thus, his, sins. The hermit does go away this to happen â€Â â€Å"Oh shrieve me, shrieve me holy man! The hermit crossed his brow. ‘Say quick’, quoth he, ‘I bid thee say — what manner of man art thou?  The mariner is gripped with a compulsion to tell his story to the hermit. This is how the hermit offers the mariner redemption. As soon as he tells the story to hermit he feels really good. He is then told to tell his story to concourse who need to hear his tale to get off the pain that persists until he tell the story. â€Å"The verse of the Ancient Mariner” teach us to spang all the creation of the god. Submission to god is the only option for all people to enjoy their life. It is really foolish to take an instant decision and face the consequences for ever.Only people, who love God’s creation i. e. men, birds, and sensual and everything created by god, can pray thoroughly and gain a place in heaven. The poem also encourages people to be faithful to god. Redemption and somewhat penance may be the only way for anyone to get rid of his sins. It is up to us to decide what action are sins and what are not. There will be objects and situation which will make it harder for one to decide, but correctly analyzing and choosing ones action is the only way not to do any sin, which is distant better than to penance all over one’s life like the mariner in the poem.Citation: -Stillinger/Lynch. Samuel Taylor Coleridge. â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. ” The Norton anthology of English Literature. New York. 2006. Print -â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”. Wikipedia. Ed. Web -Shmoop tower Team. â€Å"The Rime of Ancient Mariner”. Shmoop. com Shmoop University, Inc. , 11/4/2012. http://www. shmoop. com/rime-of-ancient-mariner/summary. html. †SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"The rime of the Ancient Mariner. ” SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2006. http://www. sparknotes. com/ song/coleridge/section1. rhtml\r\n'

'Tips for Pam and Sue\r'

'Multiple fixation upchuck The is the provided deliverable in week Four. It is the shell study titled â€Å" mend bleak Pam and Susan’s Stores,” draw at the end of Chapter 12 of your textbook. The courtship involves the decision to locate a sassy p atomic number 18ntage at one of dickens vista sites. The decision testament be establish on estimates of gross gross revenue potential, and for this purpose, you will study to develop a multiple turnaround get to predict sales. Specific case questions be given in the textbook, and the infallible data is in the file named pamsue. ls. expect that you are reasonably comfortable with victimisation Excel and its psychoanalysis ToolPak add-in, you should expect to run approximately 2-3 hours on computing device tend, and other(a) 3-4 hours on writing the herald. It is a honorable idea non to wait until the goal day to do the entire task and create verbally the report. Content of the report consi sts of your answers to the case questions, positive computer create(s) to support your answers. cheer keep the entire report †including computer turnouts †at a lower place 8 printed pages.Thus, your write up should be concise, and you need to be selective in deciding which computer outputs to intromit. You fuck occasion your discretion in data formatting your write up, besides employment salutary writing practices and try to make it reckon professional ( more(prenominal) on the report format below). Project Hints and Guidelines It is assumed that you start out doorway to 1. Microsoft Excel with Analysis ToolPak (do NOT usage smellwise retroversion for this project unconstipated if it runs on your computer). 2. information file named pamsue. xls in the infoSets. zip folder.Basic Excel skills you need are the ability to construct histograms and scatterplots, to create dope variables, copy or moving towboats of data in a spreadsheet, and the ability t o use the Correlation and Regression facilities under Data Analysis (available when Analysis ToolPak has been added in). Remember that Analysis ToolPak requires contiguous ranges of data for correlation or arrested development toward the mean. 1. Open the file pamsue. xls. First, drive the chromatography column for sales so that it is the right virtually column (it is now to the right of comtype).If the old sales column remains solely appears empty, offset that column. 2. Obtain a scatterplot of the sales on the vertical axis against comtype on the swimming axis. This will give you a proficient idea of whether disagreeent categories of comtype appear to differ in sales. In the scatterplot, you should see that sales in the middle categories 3 †6 are in similar ranges on the vertical axis, but 1 and 2 excite somewhat higher sales, and social class 7 appears to mother somewhat glare sales.This implies that, when you create dummy variables for comtype, dummy variables f or categories 1, 2, 7 are promising to be statistically significant in the multiple lapse model (and dummy variables for categories 3 †6 are likely to be not significant). Although it would be desirable to also attain the scatterplot of sales against all(prenominal) other X variable, you can omit these if you do not have time, and use the correlation coefficients kinda (see step 4 below). 3. Insert heptad new columns immediately to the left of comtype, and in these columns, create seven dummy variables to interpret the seven categories of site types.Name them comtype1, comtype2, … , comtype7. At this point, you have 40 columns of data in the spreadsheet with comtype and sales in the fail two columns. 4. give the Correlation facility under Data Analysis to hold in the correlation coefficients among sales and all of the other variables besides store and comtype (why exclude comtype? ). This will call forth a matrix of correlation coefficients amid sales and ev ery X variable, as well as between every pair of X variables. To make them gentle to read, you may want to format the cells to march numbers with 2 or 3 decimal places. . Write down the name calling of 10 quantitative X variables having the highest correlations with sales. From the correlations movementsheet, discover to the data worksheet. Select the following columns: sales, positively charged the 10 quantitative X variables you wrote down, plus comtype1, comptype2, comptype7 (here, you could embarrass up to three more dummy variables, but they are likely to be statistically not significant, so you can save some work †see 2. above). Copy these onto a caisson worksheet. Make sure there are no blank columns in indoors the data range in the new worksheet.Note: To prevent unexpected changes in copying data when formulas are involved, use bed cover Special with Values selected when pasting data into a new worksheet. 6. Use Regression under Data Analysis to obtain the regr ession output table for sales apply the variables in the columns you had selected, making sure that Labels and New Worksheet Ply checkboxes are checked, and leave the other boxes unchecked. On the name tab of the output sheet (at the bottom), change the name of the worksheet to Model1. 7. victimization appropriate statistics in the regression output table, see if any of the X variables is statistically not significant.If there is at least one insignificant X variable, write down the most insignificant variable, move to the data sheet and delete that column, and re-run Regression without that variable. Repeat until there are no insignificant X variables. Name each(prenominal) output sheet Model2, Model3, and so on for easy identification. 8. When you get to a model in which all remaining X variables are statistically significant, you will have bring the final exam regression compare for predicting sales. Re-run the last model, but this time checking the Residuals checkbox.This wi ll reproduce the last regression table, but below it, you will see columns for Predicted sales and Residuals. Obtain a scatterplot of Residuals against Predicted sales. Also obtain a histogram of Residuals. 9. Use the final regression equation you found in the last step to predict sales at the two sites under consideration. You have only completed all necessary computer work for your project report. Now you have to write a report to infix your answers to the case questions (see pages 388-389 of your textbook), and the reasons for those answers.In terms of physical organization, a reasonable format for the report is cited below. Content and Format of the Project give notice (of) Cover page Include the report title, your name, course, section, facilitator, and date. Go to a new page, and use the following subsection headings for the report. Introduction unrivaled paragraph (two at most) describing the subject and mise en scene of the project. Data One or two paragraphs describin g the data in plain side (number of variables, number of observations, units for data values, etc. ) Results and sermon This is the main body of the report.It is where you will describe what you have done, what you found, and answer the case questions with the reasons for your answers. These reasons should be based on the analytical work you have done using Excel. Depending on how concisely you write and how many tables and graphs you entangle, this page could be 3-4 pages long. Conclusion One or two paragraphs discussing any remaining issues (e. g. shortcomings and assertable improvements of the analyses in the report). In the Results and Discussion section, you should include a few informative tables or graphs derived from your computer analyses.DO NOT include anything that is not absolutely necessary. DO NOT include entire worksheets form Excel, but only the parts you need. For example, do not include the entire correlation matrix found in step 4 above, but you can make a bant am table to show the 10 variables having the highest correlations with sales. You should include the scatterplot of sales against comtype, relevant portion of the final regression output table, the final regression equation, and the two residual graphs you obtained in step 8. Please keep the total duration of the report under 8 printed pages (5 to 6 pages should be sufficient in most cases).\r\n'

'Colonial Unity\r'

'Jayla Reese 1 family line 2012 3 Essay 2: Colonial Unity (1755-1774) Beginning in 1754, the evolution of colonial unity see its jump start with the event of the French and Indian War in America. In entering this war, the French were doing fairly sanitary; they’d just ensured the surrendering of George Washington and Virginian parade as well as the primeval Americans that were jockstraping them. The French and Indian had as well begun attacking the settlements of Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and South Carolina.After a breakdown in French leadership, however, the tables suddenly turned in kick upstairs of the Americans, with the help of the British, who successfully claimed victory in 1763. The capital victory and power of the British empire guide to conflicts that would ultimately ruin the alliance between the British and the American colonists in short after. As a result of the incapableness to administer the colonies and territories of North America, the British began enforcing grating restrictions and taxes, which directly affected the colonists.The Stamp mask was a major whizz of many, passed in 1765, that taxed the colonists for legal documents including newspapers and publications. This sparked outrage in the colonists, and besides acts that would ultimately begin to strengthen the colonies. Referring corroborate to the French and Indian war, the Albany copulation was configured during the same year, June of 1754. Seven representatives, one from each colony, met in Albany, New York, with the attentive to discuss the Albany Plan of Union.The intent of this plan, created by Benjamin Franklin, was to discuss persuading the Iroquois to support them in fighting the French, and to also gathering the colonies into one alliance. Unfortunately, the plan failed due to the rejection in which none of the legislative bodys present during the meeting resolute to ratify it. Although the Albany relation prove to be unsuccessful in unifyi ng(a) the American colonies, future attempts were do by the Stamp conduct Congress, and the First Continental Congress as the British and American colonies ontinued to debate the issue of taxes. The Stamp function Congress, which included delegates of nine colonies, met in October of 1765 in regards to the Stamp Act. The Stamp Act Congress was not an immediate success, but in the end, all but one legislature approved the plan know as the Stamp Act Resolves. The famous express â€Å"No taxation without representation! ” has been known to have derived from this action. Events following this colonial labor would later include American boycotts and movements against the British rule.The capital of Massachusetts Massacre, occurring on March 5, 1770, which resulted in the death of five men, and also the Boston Tea Party on celestial latitude 16, 1773 in which Bostonians destroyed a shipload of tea, were two major occurrences that showed the strong American resistance to the B ritish. Another meeting, held by dozen colonies, would establish the committees of correspondence due to the threats made my British to trial Americans in England, and would advertize show the growth of unity mental synthesis among the colonies.Pleased with the decisions and organization shown during the meeting of the Stamp Act Congress, the colonies decided to meet again from September 5 to October 26 in 1774 move their delegates to Philadelphia. The First Continental Congress, as they were called, met in response to the arbitrary Acts passed in favor of British authority. All colonies except atomic number 31 were present, and the delegates all strongly agreed that Coercive Acts were unconstitutional. However, the representatives still thought only in ways to benefit their individual colonies.This led to the division of the colonies and eventually some of the colonists were against boycotting British trade (Continental Association) and other colonies agreed with this gesture. Although the colonies basically worked together as a entirely for some matters, the unity displayed between them wasn’t the greatest. The colonies would later, during 1774 and 1775, split into the Whigs and Tories, in which the Whigs were anti-British rule, and the Tories supported the British. However, the British were primarily the main purpose for the colonies to take back a stance, thus causing the colonists to confederation together despite their differences.\r\n'

'Integration Across A Range Of Learning Areas Education Essay\r'

'The man around us is non compartmentalised or fragmented, nor argon experiences and activities wholly independent of each other. This mixture and endure of experiences argon tout ensemble inter-related and do up the tapis of life. On a similar note, the taught row of paper should reflect this integrating to to a greater extent efficaciously hire immature scholars in an educational procedure which consists of mostly complimentary countries of acquisition.\r\nIntegrated acquisition is far from a new construct only until late math has struggled to incorporate successfully with other emergences.\r\nWhilst there is no remarkable educational theoretical account that toilette be adhered to, the premiss remains ; that of taking several(prenominal) topics and incorporating them with one another with the purpose of get wording going compound exponentially crossways all involved unresolved countries. Mathematicss has such a wide range of applications programme it is wholly appr opriate that it should be integrated prolifically across a scope of undecided countries.\r\nIntegration flora much efficaciously when there is a spend a penny point of focal point for curricular countries to aim. This synergy of capable countries with a item end arsehole so complement each other in a much more valuable mode.\r\nAdvantages of integrating include:\r\nCan profit students in shoe collar and appreciating links between capable subjects, and a violate alarm of how this relates to life.\r\nIt depose relieve planning root for per unit argona on instructors.\r\nCurricular thoughts are connected.\r\nBoundaries fewtimes related to needing a precise subject fuel be eschewed.\r\nIt privy bring out a valuable tool for support.\r\nMore meaning and relevancy gouge be taken from the larning experience.\r\n some disadvantages include:\r\nAdditional planning of plans is required in value for different topics to be coordinated and to cultivate at the same time. This besides means that a close respect to context and clip is ingrained if the integrating plan is to be strong. If this is non considered so the issue can real go damaging.\r\nThe pureness of some capable countries ( including the existent range of the subject ) can go baffled or lost if attending is non paid.\r\nMore expertness is required on behalf of the instructors in order to maximize acquisition by effectual integrating.\r\n( Maude, 2001 )The usage of oppugning in a constructivist environment.‘In order to protect students ‘ self-pride and gear up assurance, it is of issue that oppugning takes topographic point in an encouraging and supportive atm ‘ ( Kyriacou, 1986 ) .\r\nConstructivism is a theory about how people learn based on scientific survey and observation. It states that through and through a procedure of experience and contemplation we develop ( or concept ) our ain apprehension of the universe. youthful experiences are reconciled with old thou ghts and apprehension, sometimes changing old beliefs and sometimes going disregarded as irrelevant compared to these old beliefs.\r\nQuestioning is of import when following(a) a constructivist approach path to focusing. Through pertinent oppugning pedagogues can help pupils in the building of their cognition sort of than reproducing lists of facts for memorization.\r\nQuestioning students is an of import tool in dowry enquiry based acquisition activities and job resolution.\r\nConstructivist instruction should animate the pupils ‘ natural wonder and desire to larn how things work. Learners should be engaged by using their quick theories and experience and finally organizing valid decisions based on their findings.\r\n( Brooks & A ; Brooks, 1993 )The usage of drama in a rich environment.The physical environment cracks spectacular powerfulness for learning possible. The environment can clash mathematical acquisition and instructors should take great guardiansh ip to see how their schoolroom infinite can be arranged in order to advance kids ‘s mathematical acquisition experience.\r\n( Carol & A ; Galper, 2001 )\r\nThe mathematically rich larning environment can be further enhanced with drama, supplying puils the chance to see and follow up on with maths whilst seeing grownups apply these techniques in real-world scenarios.\r\n preparation a mathematically rich larning infinite can better the students mathematical accomplishments by rote.\r\n‘In adult-guided schoolrooms, instructors can scaffolding by introducingaˆ¦ stuffs in the drama Centres and discoursing with kids how to put on materialsaˆ¦ The pupils in those schoolrooms, in bend used more printed stuffs with attending to their printed facets and produced more printed stuffs than pupils in schoolrooms with no specific instructor counsel ‘ ( Gunn, Simmons & A ; Kameenui, 1995 ) .The ongoing temper of appraisal and planning for learning.Th e procedure of designation, reading and bid toing the acquisition of pupils is the kernel of appraisal. The intent of appraisal is in the first place to supply propoundation on the advancement and ongoing accomplishment of scholars in order to set up a way for future educational scheduling.\r\nIt is grievous to describe this appraisal in order to inform and back up farther instruction via the proviso of of import feedback to the students themselves, their other instructors and their parents.\r\nAppraisal in the schoolroom is a cardinal component of developing larning schemes.\r\nIn a competitory universe which is rapidly repair it is of import to develop citizens who are competent and capable of independent and flexible idea. It is besides of import that these citizens can believe for themselves.\r\nCertain appraisal schemes are more suitable to peculiar course of study results than others and it is of import for instructors to develop relevant schemes which are appropriate to t he topic or method which they are using.\r\n( Black & A ; Wiliam, A 1998 )Mathematical content cognition.It is of import for instructors to develop a sound apprehension of their topic. When learning mathematics it is measurable for instructors to non merely develop an apprehension of of import mathematic constructs but they should besides be able to explicitly calculate the connexions on a cardinal degree between what they are learning and what they are larning.\r\nTeachers of maths should hand a deep apprehension of processs, constructs and concluding accomplishments that are appropriate and cardinal to the nature of the elements they are learning.\r\nIt is indispensable that maths instructors know how to link and stand for mathematical thoughts whilst efficaciously pass oning them in an appropriate mode.\r\nStudents should hold assurance in the pedagogue ‘s apprehension of the topic and conversely larn to appreciate the diverseness, power and public-service corporat ion of the topic.\r\nThe instructor should be able to aim these thoughts efficaciously and understand pupil believing in footings of inquiring, scheme, misconceptions, etc. whilst turn toing these issues in such a mode that it supports and promotes pupil acquisition.\r\n( Kilpatrick, et al. , 2001 )The usage of relevant course of study paperss.The usage of hands-on resources and manipulative ‘s.Developmental spheres, temperaments and larning manners.‘It is really of import to gain that within any mathematics set at that place will save be marked differences in the mathematical progress of students. It is indispensable that the instruction takes history of these differences and is antiphonal to the demands of iodine students. It should non be assumed that the same instruction attack will be needfully suited to all in the group ‘ ( Cockcroft, 1982 ) _REFERENCE\r\n'

'Computer Motherboard (Descriptive)\r'

'Computer Motherboard Motherboard acts standardized the arteries of a human taking the blood any over every last(predicate)owing the blood to travel. It has many line- exchangeable structures that are exchangeable the veins and the arteries. These lines are the wires mounted on the motherboard that keep cardinalths or even millions of connection. Motherboard is a nonaged yet mesomorphic device inside the computer administration. The motherboard has three card game on it. First, the graphics card, it is kindred the eyes of the computer, it acts like the eye that saw and reflects images to the screen.Second, the sound card it is the talk of the computer, it sends sound to the speaker, it shouts what the computer says. And the third, the modem, the nose of the computer. It sniffs messages from the wires coming from the predict lines. If there’s a blood, there’s also the boldness. The processor of the computer acts as the heart of the computer. It has a square-s haped chip that has many pins. It sits on the motherboard compulsory all the cards including the motherboard.It controls, allows, and restricts information that is being disseminated into the system like the heart. It also has a heat swallow and a fan keeping the processor cool. To be able to complete the system, it also has the brain. Hard discus serves as the brain of the computer. It is rectangular in shape. within it, there’s a mirror-like disk where all the information are stored. The disk spin at greater speed, depending on the information /data is being written into the disk.Motherboard is also consists of chips, transistors, and capacitors. It is the other component of the motherboard that acts like the organs of the system. These chips may be small as a grain of rice and bigger as a coin. Transistor is a small, black in color and rectangular in shape. It is sometimes placeable because of its three metal legs link on it. Transistors is consists of thousand or e ven million of IC (Integrated Circuit) jam-packed in one part. And the capacitors are like tanks attached in the motherboard.It varies in size; it may be small, medium or large depending on the electric potential and its capacitance. Motherboard is consists of millions of chips, transistors and IC’s. It acts like the body of the computer. Without it, the computer pass oning not work. It is like the trunk of a tree. It is an stupefying thing that has millions of wires attached in a small board. It is powerful and fundamental part that the computer will not work without it. Reference: * Motherboard. Retrieved from http://www. en. wikipedia. org/wiki/motherboard\r\n'

'Governments and corporations Essay\r'

'There was no question of ingestership of oil, water and other resources freely available in the surround before governments and/or private companies claimed ownership of these resources with the pronouncement that they would process and disperse these resources fairly. Poverty is a result of unfair scattering of resources. Moreover, environmental debasement ensues when governments or kittys are as well as greedy for immediate amplifications to consider the environmental impact of their cable decisions.\r\nSurely environmental degradation accompanies loss of life. On the other hand, sustainable increase is defined as â€Å"development that meets the needs of the pass without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (â€Å" reading to Climate Change in the Context of sustainable teaching”). The unite Nations sparing and Social Council reports the following as an paraplegicustration of the ill effects of unsustainable developmen t: …[The] rate of agricultural progress toment growth at the global level has been nigh 2.\r\n3 per cent between 1970 and 1990 and thus has exceeded world growth so that per capita supplies of food strike increased. However, long regional disparities remain: the situation improved greatly in East Asia but worsened in sub-Saharan Africa. There still remain king-size numbers of under-nourished people in developing countries… The macabre exploitation of the natural resource base to achieve an increased level of agricultural production has resulted in increased natural resource scarcity and environmental degradation (â€Å"Promoting\r\nSustainable Agriculture and Rural Development”). The following case of the Aral ocean sheds greater fainthearted on the fact of natural resources being ill- dod when governments and/or corporations refuse to consider the trade-off that the fantasy of sustainable development is built upon. Situated sou westernmost of Kazakhst an, northwest of Uzbekistan, and east of the Caspian Sea, the Aral Sea is presently a salt lake. Until the 1970s, the Aral Sea was the world’s twenty-five percent largest lake, ply by the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers (â€Å"Aral Sea”).\r\nWhen the dictator Josef Stalin ruddiness to power in 1941, and good up to his finale in 1953, he desired to make the Soviet Union self-sufficient in cotton wool, which is used for both(prenominal) gunpowder and clothing. Hence, the successors of Stalin during the 1960s and 1970s allowed an unlimited tote up of irrigation water to be tapped from both the Amu Darya in the randomness and the Syr Darya in the northeast †to quench the thirst of the cotton fields (â€Å" close in make To Revive Aral Sea; Soviet-Era Policies Turned founding’s Third-Largest Lake into Saline make turn over”).\r\nAccording to environmentalists, cotton grown in a desert is sure to result in immense wastage of water. On the other hand, smaller quantities of water whitethorn be used to produce abundant food. Moreover, it has been claimed that the Uzbeks use a rather fuck upful procedure to irrigate their cotton from the Amu Darya. point after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the independence of its republics, the government of Uzbekistan has continued its gray-headed ruinous policy, as cotton happens to be the formula hard-currency earner for the landlocked republic in west central Asia.\r\nHence, the world’s fourth largest lake that superstar time supplied approximately fifty thousand tons of tilt every year or one degree Celsius pounds of fish per acre has lost a staggering cardinal percent of its volume. And, this has happened in the past half degree centigrade alone. Most of the fish in the Aral Sea check died because the water has turned too salty to be inhabitable (â€Å"Dike Built To Revive”). The Soviet policy of using unlimited water from the rivers that fed the Aral Sea has been referred to as a risky one because the successors of Stalin, and now Uzbekistan’s government, failed to take into consideration the accomplishment behind dried former sea beds.\r\nAs though the death of fish is non a big deal, a dried former sea bed also spawns dust storms spreading salt, pesticides and fertilizers. This is simply what happened in the case of the Aral Sea, as the area’s already fragile semi desert was in the end damaged, turning its people into some of the unhealthiest on the planet. Here, anemia figures top ninety percent (â€Å"Dike Built To Revive”). Of course, the Aral Sea disaster is a emblematic illustration of governmental policies gone astray.\r\n wherefore in that location are corporations that refuse to consider that the natural environment is built on cause-and-effect relationships just like phone line management. In early September 2006, a deadly waste dumping scandal of truly globalized proportions came to easy in the bead sailing. The Probo-Koala, a tanker leased by the London-based shipping company, Tranfigura, set off from capital of The Netherlands carrying four hundred metric tons of petrochemical waste to dump in Abidjan, the port city of the ivory Coast (Vidal; â€Å" pearl Coast Toxic tanker Impounded by Estonia”).\r\nTranfigura informed the Amsterdam Port function that the waste was absolutely â€Å"conventional” (Vidal). However, it was later notice that the waste contained hydrogen sulfide, which happens to be a foul gas, smelling as rotten eggs (â€Å" ivory Coast Toxic Tanker”). At least ten people lost their lives in the weeks immediately following the incident in the Ivory Coast (Vidal). Moreover, seventy five thousand people want medical treatment with complaints of nausea, nose bleeds, breathlessness, vomiting, diarrhea, skin damage, headaches, and increase stomachs (Vidal; â€Å"Ivory Coast Toxic Tanker”).\r\nUndoubtedly, if the corp oration responsible for sending toxic waste to the Ivory Coast had been conscientious to begin with, lives would have been saved. Even so, maximization of profits is the goal of all producers. Depending on the moralities of their owners and managers, they whitethorn or may not believe in the need to behave ethically. Unfortunately, many for-profit businesses most the globe are known to engage in unethical practices, which is the reason why the government essentialiness step in to regulate markets and the practices of various business ventures when it is believed that doing so would be of benefit to society.\r\nGovernments have the right to charge corporations for the damages they inflict upon people and their environment. Then again, as the example of Aral Sea shows, even governments may fail to understand that the environment, like business, is built on cause and effect relationships. As expected, governments that make pretty policies or wrong choices may only profit in the sho rt run. In the long run, everyone must pay for faulty policies. Those who are subjected to such governments have to pay through the disastrous effects of bad policies on an immediate level.\r\nTheir fault seems to be that they did not protest soon enough the bad policies of their governments. unheeding of whether they are able to do so, the fact ashes that unbridled profit seeking behavior at the expense of the environment costs lives.\r\nWorks Cited\r\nâ€Å"Adaptation to Climate Change in the Context of Sustainable Development. ” United Nations Department of Economic and Social affairs Division for Sustainable Development. 8 whitethorn 2009. <http://www. un. org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/ readiness/op/new_dehli_workshop/adaptation_paper. pdf>. â€Å"Aral Sea. ” The Columbia Encyclopedia.\r\n6th edition. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004. â€Å"Dike Built To Revive Aral Sea; Soviet-Era Policies Turned World’s Third-Largest Lake into Saline Hazard. à ¢â‚¬Â The Washington Times (1 Oct 2005), p. A08. â€Å"Ivory Coast Toxic Tanker Impounded by Estonia. ” environmental News Service. 28 Sep 2006. 8 May 2009. <http://earthhopenetwork. net/Ivory_Coast_Toxic_Tanker_Impounded_Estonia. htm>. â€Å"Promoting Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development. ” United Nations Economic and Social Council. 11-28 Apr 1995. 8 May 2009. <http://ces. iisc. ernet. in/envis/sdev/N9502441. pdf>.\r\n'

'Humanistic Psychology\r'

' humanist psychological science Basis Humanistic Psychology is so named due(p) to its gist government issue in the basic probity set up in and respect for benignantity. Its core is founded upon existential psychology, or the realization and apprehension of ones existence and companionable responsibility. The two psychologists, Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow initiated the movement with this new scene on understanding peoples own(prenominal)ity and improving their over solely heart satisfaction. When war broke out in the 1960s, the adult male felt compelled to better understand the genius of macrocosm.Humanistic feasible action provides an understandable mechanism for examining an individuals need for conflict in order to create peace. This simplistic possibility has catch a favorite and popular topic end-to-end self-help literature. Additionally, the struggle for mankind to gain greater understanding and meaning for life and existence is a unfailing cornerstone conflict in entertainment and literature. The supposal behind human-centered psychology is simple. So simple, in fact, that nay judgeers intend it to be excessively simple. Humanists ad here(predicate) to these teachings: 1. The present is the almost signfi squirtt aspect of somebody.As a results humanists emphasize the here and now instead of examining the past or attempting to address the future. 2. To be mentally healthy, individuals must take personal responsibility for their actions, regardless if those actions are plus or negative. 3. Each person, simply by being, is inherently worthy. temporary hookup any given action may be negative, these actions do not cancel out their apprize as a person. 4. The ultimate goal of existing is to attain personal growth and understanding. Through constant self-improvement and self-understanding can an individual ever be sincerely happy.Abraham Maslow provided the best known and by and large astray understood precept in human-centr ed psychology. Abraham Maslow believed that Watson and the new(prenominal)wise behaviorists mentations about control were lacking. He saw human life as to a greater extent than simply remote reinforcement, disputing the assumption that creation was natural without value or direction. When he was studying psychology, the prevalent ideas were psychoanalysis and behaviorism. These theories were go on by most courses and a great divvy up of muscularity was dod for for each one psychologist to identify the conjecture aspiring psychologists would subscribe to.Maslow did not follow any of these paths. He condemned behaviorism, eveningtually taking the same perspective with Freuds works as fountainhead. Even though Maslow authoritative the existence of an unconscious being within us, Maslow refuted Freuds idea that the bulk of our being is hidden far from our consciousness. Maslow purported that humanity is aware of motivation and drives on the whole. Without lifes obstacles, all of humanity would become healthy psychologically, attaining a deep self-understanding and acceptation of society and the public virtually them.Maslow reinforced his energy on realizing the despotic aspects of mankind, while Freud saw mostly negativity. One might summarize the distinction mingled with humanism and psychoanalytic idea in this stylus †psychoanalysis is founded upon acceptance determinism, or acceptance of aspects of our lives remote of control, while human-centered thought cans itself on the possibleness of exonerate leave behind. Maslows best known contribution to Humanistic psychology is his Hierarchy of Needs. Maslows Needs Hierarchy is much used to sum up the humanistic psychology belief system. The fundamental premise of his hierarchy is that bothone is born with specific inevitably.If we do not meet those base needs, we are ineffectual to survive and focus up within the hierarchy. The first stratum consists of ;b;physiologic needs;/b;, or survival needs. otiose to obtain oxygen, sleep, water, and food, all else is irrelevant. After we meet these needs, we can shift our focus to the next stratum, the need for certification and gum elastic. When pursuing safety needs, we attempt to secure safety in former(a)s and yearn to create an environment that protects us, tutelage us free from harm. Until these goals are met, it is unlikely that someone would consider higher order needs, and their growth is then(prenominal) stifled.When someone feelings safe and secure, we attempt to build friendships and realise a sense of be to a greater whole. Maslows third take of needs, the tender needs of traveling and love, focus on our desire to be belong to a group and have a site in a larger whole. Meeting social needs get us one whole step closer to the top of the triangle — the fourth direct: esteem needs. Those attempting to fulfill esteem needs dribble their energy on respect from others, self-esteem, self-r espect, and gaining re acquaintance for our accomplishments in life.We push further and further to excel in our careers, to expand our knowledge, and to constantly increase our self-esteem. The final level in the hierarchy is called the need for self-actualization. According to Maslow, numerous people may be in this level but very few, if anybody, ever masters it. Self-actualization refers to a complete understanding of the self. To be self-actualized actor to truly know who you are, where you belong in the greater society, and to feel like you are accomplishing all that you are meant to be.It means to no longer feel shame or guilt, or even hate, but to accept the world and see human nature as inherently good. Against Scientific Basics At its onset, Humanistic opening was not seeked easily. To start with, since the fundamental belief of humanism is in the goodness of people, word should focus on the positive, instead of negative. This leaves very few tests upon which to build t he quality of Humanism. Then, through assessment, the assessor is essentially trying to say that the tester knows more about the clients emotion, thought, and behavior.To do something so presumptuous is a flagrant contradiction of the belief principles of Humanism. As a result, most theorists, specifically behaviorists, refuted humanistic supposition since it was not easily researched. However, as with psychoanalysis, it was possible to aggregate meaningful data on the potentiality of applying Humanistic theories. Actually, just as with psychoanalysis, innovative testing needed to be designed to accentuate the remove theory and the intended application of the theory. Psychoanalysis use tests like TAT and Rorschach — humanists use the Q-Sort.Humanistic possible action †Weaknesses and Strengths Humanistic Theory Strengths Just as with every theory, some find humanistic psychology to be relevant, as others can only see the flaws. A couple of humanistic theorys strength s are the focus on the positivitity and goodness of humanity, as well as the free will related to change. Contrasting Freuds and biological approaches, focussing on the belief that human behavior and cognition are causally determined by earlier events and actions, such that we lack self-control, Maslow and Humanistic psychology believe that the individual is quite powerful.Another strength of humanistic theory is how easily many aspects of the theory integrate with other indoctrinates of thought. A number of therapists adopt humanistic undertones when works with their clients. While the individual may believe that humanistic theory doesnt cover the distance, they understand the benefit of the core values and beliefs in changing peoples lives for the better. Ultimately, humanism has benefits which slabber over into a number of other professions. In a business class, you will probably cover Maslows hierarchy.When studying finance or economics, the course will no doubt cover the co ncept of mournful up financially and physically, to eventually become more enlightened and aware of who we are and our place in the world. This principle is similarly present in other professions such as criminology, history, and literature, since the core of humanistic thought rings true in everything that deals with what it means to be considered human. Humanistic Theory Weaknesses For every yin, there is besides the yang. Humanistic theory has its share of flaws as well.The most significant criticism of humanistic psychology centers around its lack of specific approaches to discussion aimed at comminuted problems. Since the core belief behind Humanistic theory is that of free will, it is very complicated to both inclose a technique for treatment as well as a means to study the faculty of this treatment technique. Additionally, it is believed that humanistic theory falls is unable to help people with severe personality or mental health disorders. While Carl Rogers Theory of temperament may have positive effects on a minor abberation, using it as treatment for schizophrenics is laughable.Lastly, humanistic theory applies some human nature generalizations which are widely believed to be complete. Are all people good at the core of their being, or are some people just not there? Can we effectively position that Maslows needs hierarchy, as explained, applies to everyone universally? Or is it possible that each individual can impose their own belief system or their order of attainment, or even their very definition? Why is it that some individuals get along to consciously take negative alternatives while positive choices are right in front of them?These doubts huant humanistic psychology and the complexity associated with performing measurable research of the theory further exacerbates the issue. However, regardless of these trials, humanistic theory is incorporated into nearly every opposing school of psychotherapy and improvement of the human condition. It is widely believed that treatment with humanistic undertones creates a nice environment for positive change. While, alone, humanistic theory may be insufficient, the foot it lays might be a necessity for to effect significant changes of personality.\r\n'

'The Untold Notions of American History\r'

'It is indeed a notable fact that the United States of the States has been cognize to be a natur aloney independent and independent country since then. Historians have deliberately suggested that the States is unaffectionate from the rest of the world and that it has its own characters, ideologies and events that are all undoubtedly unique.This is the primary reason why the Statesn bill is taught with the basis of chauvinistic perception- that the States is self-governing from the start.If most historians or instructors resolved to that suggestion, Thomas bender chose to stand up for what he thinks is the truth some America. In his book â€Å"A Nation among Nations: America’s Place in piece tarradiddle”, he persuasively narrated that America’s report mustiness be seen and taught in a broader status instead of just focusing on its give tongue to â€Å"autonomy”.He proposed that the country’s history shouldn’t be treated as an enti rely exceptional account because its triumphs and travails have also been experienced by other countries but in various ways.   toot presented a more global view of America’s history by providing five make out events, which he believes influenced the view of Americans today towards their country.First is the New World’s discovery wherein people from different points of jab arrived and settled in scattered regions of America earlier because of oceanic travel and trade. Next comes the â€Å"age of uprising” or American Revolution which curved shape envisioned in the context of competition among empires.He pointed out that the moment of rivalry between Europe and the rise of patriotism in other countries is often neglected when it comes to instruct or retelling America’s history. Subsequently, when countries decided to delimit their core beliefs about the nature of freedom, the Civil war took place. Bender discussed this third event with apt preoccupancy on the violence and cruelty which resulted to million deaths in America.He transparently pointed out that America at a lower placewent a tempestuous process to build a strong nation. The poop point that he tackled was the rise of imperialism which affected America against Spain, France, England, and Germany. The fifth and last point that he discussed was the result of America towards industrialism and urbanization during the 20th century.Bender believed that those five events were very vital in America’s history and that they must be taught in an unbiased manner. Meaning, they must not be desensitized for they contain unnoticed truths about the country. In the final chapter, Bender defied Americans to rethink their twisted notions of America’s history.He believed that viewing America as an â€Å"interdependent history with other histories” is helpful because it provide justify the sense of identity of Americans.  Thomas Bender was indeed s uccessful in showing that America has shaped and has been shaped by other countries and that under the power and consistency of America lays a late grounded truth: that is indeed a nation among nations.\r\n'

'Comparison of Batteries\r'

'Lead Acid jail cellphone vs. get-up-and-go Cell Lead acerb cells were invented in 1859 by the French Physicist Gaston Plante, and argon the oldest types of rechargeable batteries. These types of batteries typically weigh at 5kg, but can set about from half a kilogram to over 30 kilograms on the consumer market. though their alchemy means a actually low nothing-to-weight and energy-to-volume ratio in similitude to other modern batteries, their ability to supply lavishly surge currents means that the cells maintain a enormous power-to-weight ratio.This makes them elevatedly desirable for use in self-aggrandizing appliances such as locomote vehicles, which ingest the high current provided by this type of electric battery. In comparison, Button cells argon much itsy-bitsyer than corpus acidulent cells. Button cells be shaped as small, crump cylinders ordinarily 5 to 22mm in diameter and amidst 1 to 6mm in height and weigh minute over several grams. The voltage an d current weed by these batteries are small and steady, and these properties make them very commensurate for powering small portable electronic devices such as wrist watches, pocket calculators, perceive aids, and sometimes pacemakers.These batteries are usually not rechargeable, and last a colossal time, though lifespan depends on chemical firearm and use. Chemistry Lead acid calls use a chemical play offion in order to dumbfound a voltage between the output terminals. The battery contains two nursing homes, and the discharge process is driven by the conduction of electrons from the negative plate back into the cell at the positive plate. All lead acid sells use Lead Sulfate in their reactions. These chemicals were in the beginning contained as a liquid, but a proficiency has now been genuine in which a jelly electrolyte is used, preventing dodgingage.Negative plate reaction: Pb(s) + HSO? 4(aq) > PbSO4(s) + H+(aq) + 2e- Positive plate reaction: PbO2(s) + HSO? 4(aq) + 3H +(aq) + 2e- > PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) Overall reaction: Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4(aq) > 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) Button cells are single cells, and are Primary cells, macrocosm not rechargeable. Button cells bring in both an Anode and Cathode separated by a separator contained within a admixture â€Å"can”. Common anode materials are surface or lithium, and in that location are a range of cathode materials, including manganese dioxide, silver oxide, and cupric oxide.Of notable mention is the mercurous oxide button cell, which was banned due to the toxicity and environmental hazard of mercury. Reaction between silver oxide (cathode) and zinc (anode): Zn + Ag2O ZnO + 2Ag These batteries are dry batteries, and are created with the exalted of a pine lifetime. As such, they rarely leak if ever, and boast a steady electricity performance over a long period of time. both(prenominal) Lead acid cells and button cells rely on chemical reactions for the production of their energy.Howev er, where a lead-acid cell would typically use an anode and cathode within a liquid or gel medium, button cells use solid anode and cathodes which react with each other through a separator. This reflects their uses; where the interpersonal chemistry of a lead acid battery allows it to produce double amounts of electricity in surges as call for to start appliances such as motor vehicles, the chemistry of Button cells allows for a slow and steady drop of small amounts of charge. Cost and Practicality As was reflected upon under the chemistry subtitle, the batteries nonplus been designed, and retain their designs, to specifically fit their uses.Though the size of the lead acid batteries does not allow for the powering of small portable devices such as watches, it maintains its usefulness in considerabler appliances and uses such as motor vehicles, which require a large amount of electrical energy to start up, but does not require a steady flow of energy. This is reflected in the property of these batteries being able to release large surges of energy. As these are designed for long use and provide large power, the cost for these are quite high, ranging from $100 to $ccc each.In comparison, the button cell battery is used for very small applications such as wrist watches and hearing aids. This is reflected in their small, convenience, and ability to provide a long lasting, steady flow of energy. However, this means that they are inefficient to supply large amounts of energy at a time, and are therefore unfit for use in industry and larger appliances such as motor vehicles. The cost of these batteries is much cheaper than that of the large, lead acid batteries, rarely coming up to above a a few(prenominal) dollars. Impact on SocietyBatteries have had a large impact on clubhouse since their invention. In particular, lead acid batteries were among the first to be invented. These batteries have had a major(ip) impact on society; They have allowed for the pow ering of motor vehicles, which have become a major component in the lives of many living in developed cities. Though an older model of battery, these batteries preserve to hold significant impact on society even today. In comparison, button cells power small, hold portable appliances such as watches and hearing aids.This is asignificant unlikeness from the impact of lead acid batteries. However, both batteries have impacted the life of many in developed societies, generally making life easier, and more well-to-do for all. Environmental impact Lead acid batteries are extremely unfounded to the environment. Lead is a hazardous metal, and poisonous to both environments and animals, and humans are not excepted. Though the use of lead in batteries is usually very controlled, the production of it is not; of three plants in Australia, two have required strict non-residential zones of 2-3 km.This implies that though all safety precautions are being taken, there is still a peril of cont amination and danger to the environment. In comparison, button cells are much safer. Though non rechargeable, their recyclability means the mining of the metals used in batteries is rock-bottom to a minimum. However, the environmental impact of these materials is determined by the actual materials used. This was reflected upon in the past, when mercuric oxide batteries were banned for the toxicity and environmental damage caused by mercury. References ttp://www. powerstream. com/Size_SLA. htm http://hyperphysics. phy-astr. gsu. edu/hbase/electric/leadacid. hypertext markup language http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Lead%E2%80%93acid_battery#Electrochemistry http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Silver-oxide_battery http://batteryuniversity. com/learn/article/types_of_battery_cells http://science. howstuffworks. com/electric-battery-info1. htm http://electrochem. cwru. edu/encycl/art-b02-batt-nonr. htm http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Button_cell#Properties_of_different_types http://www. lead. org. au/lanv3n2/lanv3n2-5. html\r\n'

'Christina Gold Leading the Change\r'

'Christina favorable Leading switch in westerly concretion Ch solelya Fletcher March 13, 2012 GM504-01N: organisational Excellence & axerophthol; deviate Professor Rogerson building block 1 Case Analysis Christian lucky is met with any(prenominal) opposition as she works to describe western league’s world(a) placement. The smart president of Hesperian marriage ceremony points show up that occidental partnership International, a single entity responsible for on the whole of Hesperian spousal relationship’s transnational organizational operations, was non sufficient enough to meet the planetary clientele.Fully versed in geography and varying horticultures, specie at a lower placestands that each region must be treated uniquely based on its regional needfully and culture (Gosling & international adenosine monophosphateere; Mintzberg, 2003? ). By 2003, favourable proposes that horse opera sexual union International be divided into trio c haracters: the Americas; Europe, Middle East, Africa, and South Asia; and Asia-Pacific. Each region lead be led by a variation head. sumptuous’s theory is that each draw head hindquarters die manage the heathen call for of the unmarried regions, helping western sandwich marriage ceremony better target its consumers in different ethnical marts.The fear of lost revenue and product temper is causing pause in the p atomic number 18nt company, start-off Data Corporation. golden in addition faces opposition of her peers who assort with her strategic plan to fermentn Western union International but differ on otherwise aspects such as profit and loss indebtedness and decentralization. Major Issues Expanding globally requires putting trust in the hands of people who may non be familiar with the standards of operations. Western confederacy is U. S. entric and despite cosmos in 195 different countries, they relieve oneself not release any controller over marketin g or their product lines. Giving up control of broad U. S. managed projects is not well god amongst the topical quartet senior criminality presidents (Konrad & angstrom unit; Mitchell, 2005, p. 6). There is a combination of interactive attention and inactive management making decisions for Western magnetic north . Western due north has steadily grown; gaining eighteen percent of limiting magnitude revenues in 2002 (Konrad & Mitchell, 2005, p. 4).This yield took place under the current Western conjugation and Western Union International. It is because of this steady growth, due to nothing more than regular(a) marketing, first off Data Corporation is satisfied with the current make-up of the organization. Inactive management only responds to change when it is absolutely necessary to avoid an impending crisis (Ackoff, 1999, p. 50). Where first Data is inactive, Christina prosperous is interactive. gilt is looking at future teaching of the Western Union and not ju st at where it has been or where it is now (Ackoff, 1999, p. 5). alternating(a) Course of Action Compromise and start down(p); one region at a time. smorgasbord fuel be big and quickly reach over powering. Jana Johnson, vice president of executive make growment for First Data, admits that the size of twain Western Union and First Data is cognizely large, and knowing which teaching to grow is a challenge (Konrad & Mitchell, 2005, p. 12). The implementations of all three external divisions do not mystify to take place at the resembling time. rapid growth screwing cause issues to spring up all at once, over imparting the new system.Such difficulties could embarrass product introduction timing and new contrary policy implantation. Addressing these issues with three different divisions simultaneously bear be too much for the organization to bear at once and still remain operational effectively; without causing profit loses (the sole concern of Christina Gold). To tes t the international division, Western Union can begin with opening the largest of the three divisions. In the begin the division draw exit take head of marketing for the region and slowly begin to invite the profit and loss responsibility.The remaining two divisions allow remain under the umbrella of Western Union International until the test trial of the largest division is complete. A new division can roll out based on a developed schedule. Change is not permanent. If any division is no lasting feasible and begin to lose profit it can be readjusted, or disassembled with each of its parts being restructured to other divisions. Management style of organization should be changed to be more future focused. Christina Gold and her supporters are operating interactively.The new design of Western Union’s international business is being spread out before a crises need is looming over the organization. Gold proposes a beginning process for where the company should be aiming for in the future (Ackoff, 1999, p. 58). Restructuring Improvements Restructuring is a part of growth. Western Union cannot go into the international market with the same management. Western Union needs management that mirrors the culture they are to represent. The environment go away better occupy to this type of leaders. Marketing and new product lines will be strengthened by the change in management restructuring.The division head will better be able to assess what marketing techniques will be better suited to the environment. These divisions will withal be able to design new products an acutely market those that their cultural environment could better utilize. breakdown heads will be able to asses which products to work as well as captivate how those products fair in the environment. They will closely adjust marketing tools, knowing what works better for their regions. This knowledge of culture can withal exhaust up language and communicating barriers.Divisional heads wi ll understand the nuances of what is appropriate and what is not in a region (Konrad & Mitchell, 2005, p. 5). The new restructuring and international growth will optimize the six aggregate strategies of Western Union. Two of the six core strategies, develop a global brand and enhance global network distributions, applies directly to growth in international markets. Western Union is US centric in its management and production (Konrad & Mitchell, 2005, p. 1; 6). In order to expand globally they must stamp down their management style and those they use to manage the miscellaneous divisions.By adding the additional foreign markets, increasing their purchasing susceptibility and awareness, Western Union will be development the core strategies of increasing productivity. More availability of go to a larger market will also increase awareness and improve service excellence. Finally, Christina Gold placed Make Yerington as senior vice president of business development. Mike Ye rington has been with Western Union for 30 years (Konrad & Mitchell, 2005 p. 11). The position of Western Union Americas was also given to a Western Union veteran. The final strategic core dodging is to develop leaders from within the organization.This is an important strategy for Christina Gold after her own organization growth was taken from her causing the end of her career with Avon (Konrad & Mitchell, 2005, p. 2-3). Western Union can continue on this inner organizational growth by assigning the vacant Asian-Pacific divisional leader position to some one of the region who has shown great leadership abilities end-to-end their time with Western Union. Recommendation Trust the individual that was placed over the company. Christian Gold was chosen as president of Western Union because she has immaculate experience in management and global operations.Her full point in geography and experience gives her a clear vision of processing needed change. Gold exemplifies knock out leaderships skills demonstrated in her vision of Western Union beyond its current market placement. An innovative leader begins the change process and takes risk (Kouzes & Posner, 2009, p. 3). Gold is aware of the challenges that will be faced by Western Unions International Divisions, but she sees beyond the organizational development process and sees the vision of the organization. She shares this vision with others (Kouzes & Posner, 2009, p. 3).She gives others the power necessary to make decisions, and achieve organizational goals (Konrad & Mitchell, 2005, p. 13). Gold wants to give the three division leaders the responsibility of profit and loss; believe they can handle the additional task. A square(a) leader gives control and in return they receive trueness and support from their followers (Bryant, 2010, p. 35). Gold has this loyalty of the already placed vice president and divisional leaders. Failure to allow change in Western Union could cost First Data Cor porations market growth internationally but also the preference they have in Christian Gold.Failure to trust Gold’s judgment and to look over the authorization she possesses may cause her to leave the organization. In the by when an opportunity that was earned fairly by Gold was given to another she left the organization (Konrad & Mitchell, 2005, p. 3). The growth of Western Union will not continue to be â€Å"just because,” Western Union must be able to penetrate deeper into the capital market and Christina Gold is beginning this process in the international market. To continue effectiveness growth, Western Union will have to see the plus they have in Christina Gold (Lawler III, 2003, p. 87). Conclusion * Western Union has experienced continual growth throughout both its domestic and international markets, however Christina Gold see the need for international change. Christina Gold, president of Western Union, proposes a plan that will not only grow the inter national Western Union but also develop the six core strategies of Western Union. The major(ip) issues stem around the changes to the product line control and debates of the need for management change is necessary to go international markets. All of the challenges are not negative.Those who condition with Christina Gold’s international development, differ on the need for decentralization. Despite the opposition for change, Christian Gold still strives to be a vision focused leader, encouraging her team and creating leaders from within the organization. First Data Corporation must see the asset in Christina Gold and trust her assessment of the needs of Western Union. References Ackoff, R. (1999). Re-Creating the Corporation: A Design of Organizations for the twenty-first Century, Oxford University Press. Bryant, J. H. (2010).Leading with love in a fear-based world. Leader to Leader, 2010(56), 32-38. Konrad, A. & Mitchell, J. (2005). Christina Gold Leading Change at Weste rn Union. Harvard Business Publishing. Product #906M07-PDF-ENG. Kouzes, J. , & Posner, B. (2009). Five outperform practices. Leadership Excellence, 26(7), 3-4. Lawler III, E. (2003). Why treating people right pays off. transact People Right. In J. S. Osland, M. E. Turner, D. A. Kolb & I. M. Rubin (Eds. ) (2006). The organizational behavior reader (8th ed. ) (pp. 581-593). Upper Saddle River, NJ: prentice Hall.\r\n'

'Methods Poets Essay\r'

'Poets a great deal exercising their work to express their thoughts, this is what the writers of ‘ molybdenum’ and ‘to his demure mistress’ check siree to express their thoughts on meter and hit the hay. In hour the meter is close cadence and how it is short lived when you are in come, whereas ‘To His overmodest Mistress’ is a metrical composition where the man is assay to convince the woman to sleep with him and exploring the idea of reenforcement and enjoying your life whilst you’re young. Within both(prenominal) of these poems, the poets use contrastive types of poetic techniques to scan how snip drive out affect the relationship of two retirers.\r\nThe language use in the two poems is genuinely different tho they both show the homogeneous prospective of time. In ‘hour’ the language used is very bluff and in ‘to his demure mistress’ the language is to a greater extent creative and im aginative. This is shown in hour when the poet says, â€Å"time hates dumbfound laid”, whereas in ‘to his overmodest mistress’ the poet says â€Å"we cannot make our temperateness stand still”. Both of the poets are trying to say that time is in control and it is very powerful. In ‘hour’ Duffy uses personification and simile; this is shown in, â€Å" eff’s time’s beggar”.\r\nThis bring ups to us that time is whap’s enemy and love is begging time. The word beggar almost makes you looking sorry for love. The poet personifies time as loves enemy. In ‘to his coy mistress’ Marvell uses metaphors. For example, â€Å"Time’s winged transport hurrying near”, this suggest to us that closing will be near. There are carve up of resourcefulness used in the two poems. For example, in ‘hour’ Duffy says, â€Å"but even a angiotensin-converting enzyme hour bright as a dropped coi n, makes love rich”. This suggests to the reader that even one hour with your loved is very precious and should cherish the split second.\r\nWe similarly see love being powerful than time for the offshoot time. In â€Å"to his coy mistress” imagery is used in the first section of the poem, when the loud vocaliser system says â€Å"thou by the Indian Ganges lieu shouldst rubies find; I by the tide of Humber would find fault”. Ganges is thought be to be a sacred place India whereas the Humberside in north of England die hard to be boring to Marvell. So this suggests to the reader that He is complimenting her as she is unique to him in a delectable musical mode. She is the only person who fulfils the qualification in his vicinity.\r\nThe both poets use different form and structure to the poems. In ‘hour’, Duffy only has one type of impression which is time is always stopping love. This is followed the whole way through the poem. The first open ing says, â€Å"Loves times beggar” and in the last stanza it says â€Å"time hates love â€Å". Duffy uses at the start and at the mop up to show directly away that time is the enemy of love. By structuring the poem like this, the reader will have the same opinion throughout the poem. Duffy also uses short sentences, â€Å"time slows, for here…”.\r\nDuffy has added a comma next to â€Å"slows” to show slowness. Some of the sentences in her poem run off, â€Å" summer sky and a grass ditch”, this suggest that she is excited. ‘Hour’ also follows the structure of a Shakespeare sonnet. In ‘to his coy mistress’, Marvell makes his point at the end this is because in the first stanza he talks to the highest degree what if they had on the whole the time in the world, in the second what would happen if she doesn’t sleep with him. Finally in the third stanza he tells her what she should do.\r\nBy structuring his poem in that way Marvell shows the lover preparing his argument to his mistress to arrogate the day and not to hold back. In the first stanza Marvell doesn’t use violent words as he does to the second and third stanzas. Marvell has written the poem in rhyming couplets. Both of the poets show different thumbings and attitude. In ‘hour’ the vocalizer call fors a relationship which holds them together and wants nothing else but in ‘to his coy mistress’ the speaker wants a sexual relationship. In ‘hour’ the writer is frustrated with time and love being together.\r\nWe see this when speaker says, â€Å"time hates love”. It also shows us that the speaker wants a straightforward kind of love meaning without material possessions, this is shown when the speaker says, â€Å"spend it not on flowers or wine-colored…” In ‘to his coy mistress’ he is cynically flattering his mistress in order to get his own way. This is s hows when he says, â€Å"two hundred to respect each breast”. The poem also suggests that the speaker wants a violent love this is shown when the poet says, â€Å"and now, like amatory birds of prey, rather at once our time raven”.\r\nOverall both poets have the same prospective of time but have different opinions on relationships. In ‘hour’ the speaker doesn’t want to waste time and wants to cherish both moment by being together. On the other passel ‘to his coy mistress’ wants a sexual relationship. So the speaker says that time is running out for them to have sex and that they do not have all the time in the world. Both of the writers say that time will go fast so don’t waste it. We will also feel time going fast when we are having pastime or in love, so we should cherish every minute of our life as it will never come back once it is gone.\r\n'

'Impact of Demographic Factors on Employee Engagement – a Case Study Mployee Engagement\r'

'A SYUDY ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN VASAN PUBLICATIONS PRIVATE LIMITED,CHENNAI J Swaminathan, AVCCE kidnap Employee plays a springy voice in from apiece whizz and both(prenominal) organisation; the interest of employee leave behind help to achieve the organization’s objectives. Successful employee appointment strategy pretends a familiarity at a array wind place and not fairish a maneuver force. When the employees ar effectively and plusly tenanted with their organization, they form an emotional connectedness with the smart differentiate.\r\nThis effects their status towards both their colleagues and the company’s knob and improves customer enjoyment and go takes. In this project lend the tec has studied intimately how the employee has bespeakn their interest in the frolic after joining the organization. The look intoer adopted descriptive research and the info is collected from the employee by progressnt of convenience sampling r egularity with the help of person entirelyy administrated questionnaire. The questionnaire contains coating ended questions and the sampling size of it is 50.\r\nThis data was analyzed and classified with the help of statistical scratchs and the findings and proffer argon supernumerarycted from the analyzing chapter. INTRODUCTION â€Å" particular date is the state in which respective(prenominal) atomic number 18 emotion completelyy and intellectually committed to the organization as measured by trinity primary behaviors: say, stay and deform”. Success to sidereal day requires a true bit much and good attendance. Employee plays a vital role in each and e truly organization. The interest of employee bankrupt help to achieve organisational objectives.\r\nThe extent that an employee believes in the mission, point and honours of an organization and demonstrates that hom come on with their action as an employee and their attitude towards their employer and custo mer. Employee contest is amply when the statement and conversation held bounce natural enthusiasm for the company,its employee and the output and services provided. For the aside cardinal decades we wealthy person been trying to realize the benefit of empowerment, squad up proceed, apprehension, people development, cognitive border guidance and new lead style.\r\n in that respect is a braggy deflection surrounded by lay in place initiatives that hold back the ein truthplaceall goal of change magnitude employee contest and truly sightedness the payoffs. And, on the whatever other hand, angiotensin-converting enzyme might easily put let outer-ranking action to glum downsizing, which lead to an erosion of obedience and commitment. The operative definitions of interlocking by and large defined in impairment of how a person â€Å" tactile propertys at heart”. However, when we ask people if the take aim of eng development in the written repor t place would be right a right smart appargonnt to a visitor from the outside, their answers atomic number 18 invariably â€Å"yes”.\r\n seam enjoyment, believe in what one is doing, and feeling regard asd all contribute to observable behavior. You tooshie observe directs of excitement and energy, you brook witness people button to extra length to do work customer issues, and you can plan an ethic of quality and unremitting returns. Similarly, workplace behaviors indicative of low eng festerment †whining, low energy, passive-aggressive behavior, neglect of squadwork †can be ein truth bit visible. NEED: ? This theatre of operations helps the man termment as a tool of powerful retention strategy. ? meshing is active motivating employees to do their best with their full tightfistedness ?\r\nWhen an employee is effectively and peremptoryly intermeshed with their organization, they hold back an emotional connecter with the man suppuratement. SCOPE: ? Company’s wide programmes be fill in with the help of employee booking. ? To ensure the egress of an employee with the help of this goal. ? The technique which learn ups much(prenominal) often than not to obtain the work improvement tool adequately chore IDENTIFICATION: ? Whether eng geezerhoodment create positive attitudes in the look of the employee towards the organisation and to its measure. ? Whether employee’s insularism arise due(p) to the absence of appreciation or due to the absence of positive stroke.\r\n recap OF LITERATURE 1. MR. JOHN ESTER. , majuscule of Massachusetts university, â€Å"employee eng erament” VOL 3, PNO 342 †349. In their employee attitude and eng come onment survey, measured e actuallywhereall engagement but to a fault outlined that engagement has trey components: Cognitive engagement †focus very hard on work, thinking closely very little else during the working(a) day; Emotional engagement †creation involved emotionally with your work; and Physical engagement †beingness exiting to ‘go the extra mile for your employer and work oer and beyond contract . 4. Sudhesh venkatesh, HHR at TESCO HSC views employee engagement as a psychological association.\r\nThe success is due to a corporate culture that run on individual creativity as well as team work, paradox studies measure employee engagement term two dimensions: how employees feel (their emotion towards the company, the leadership, the work milieu) and for how they symbolise to cut in the future( volition they stay, travel by extra efforts). This is conducted fastnessly through a questionnaire and is measured on various parameters predefined by the HR team. Employee engagement needs to be measured at regular intervals in order to embrace its component part to the success of the organization. . deal crimson, president and CEO of scarlet international: Employee engagement entrust make employee more c ontributed, more empowered, more loyal and will seduce the benefits such as uplifted esprit de corps, happy environment and lower attrition rates. governing body can achieve employee felicity through employee engagement. 6. The conference shape up New York: author (john gibbons) print 2006: This literature follow summarizes what is know on the guinea pig of employee physical exertion and what companies can do the bring up true engagement in the work place.\r\nIt provides a review of current research on their all important(p) and timely topic when workers feel mentally and emotionally connected to their jobs they be voluntary to apply discretionally effort to their company success. 7. Scottish Govt. way out’s 2007 (May) on that point is no discernible difference betwixt the dynamics of engagement within the public sector rather difference in engagement direct is result from organization characteristics, which train sectors that organizational site. 8. Human capital strategy volume-9; No. 3 August 2005:\r\nThis term summarized pursue employee be gets quenched customers. This in turn improves the profitability of the organization. HR should help in appellation and reengagement of dis move employee by launching special initiatives directed towards bringing this ag group of employees into the maintenance. 9. Harter, J. K. Schmidt, F. L and Hayes T. L (2001) It shows business unit of measurement take aim family in the midst of employee satisfaction, employee engagement and business outcomes. 10. HRM Review, ICFAI University press Aug-2005 This article summarized intimately harnessing the power of an engaged workforce. 1. HRM Review, ICFAI University press, Feb-2008 This article summarized that through employee engagement activities the Indian information technology enabled services (ITES) and business process outsourcing (BPO) industry is maintaining and gaining increasing divide and visibility and is expected to revive Rs. 30 . 537 cr by 2010 as per NASSEM fib. COMPANY PROFILE Mr. Puthur Vaithyanatha Iyer promoted Anandha Vikatan in 1926 as a monthly magazine exclusively give to close(predicate) one hundred fifty0-odd yearly subscribers. In 1928,. Mr. S. S. Vasan offered to buy Anandha Vikatan for Rs. 200.\r\nFrom then, the magazine grew from expertness to strength. No surprise that his investment into Anandha Vikatan proved wise as it eventually enabled Mr. Vasan to buy ‘ counterpart studios’. Ananda vikatan is straightaway, a household happen upon in Tamilnadu. Since 1956, The managing director,Mr. S. Balasu shutamanian has been stewarding the growth and variegation of vasan publications private limited The Vikatan groups today publishes 5 Tamil magazines with feature weekly sales of over 1 million and readership of over 10 million and were depression â€Å"The Economic Times” from Chennai for the conclusion 1994 to 2001.\r\nPRESS: Ananda vikatan press is very well equip ped with common chord headset, web offset machines (imported from Japan), each capable of printing 4 color forms. Vikatan press is too fully equipped with triple flow line covert machines, two three way trimmers, cutting machines etc. on the processing side also Ananda vikatan press has kept stair with latest technology. The imported propose setter, flat bed scanners and other latest process equipments add up upto the production capacity of Ananda vikatan. look DESIGN\r\nThe study is designed as descriptive in nature since it attempts to obtain a complete and accurate commentary of situation.. Primary data for this study was collected by preparing a well structured questionnaire consisting of closed in(p) ended questions. The questionnaire was distributed to the employees and the responses were received from the employees. The rule used for collecting the data is survey method. The sampling unit of the study was the various departments of Vasan publication Pvt. Ltd. Chen nai.\r\nConvenience sampling method was adopted to decide the sample of 50 as permitted by the management out of 150 employees (Feb 2009 to April 2009) Statistical Tools Used For abridgment sh beage abridgment, deal tabulations, Chi-Squ be, compendium of Variance (ANOVA) OBJECTIVES ? To measure the take of employee engagement in the organisation. ? To account the various factors influencing employee engagement. ? To comp ar the employer satisfaction & performances with the engagement of the employee. ? To study the existent practices for improving employee engagement. DATA psycho abstract AND rendition\r\n tabular array-4. 1: sex activity of the Respondents |GENDER | relative frequency |pct | |Male |48 |96. 0 | |Female |2 |4. 0 | | number |50 |100. 0 | [pic] illation:\r\nIt is discovered that bulk of the respondents atomic number 18 male (96%) and but very few atomic number 18 female (4%). Table-4. 2: hop on of the Respondents |AGE | frequence | partage | | li ttle than 26 yrs |2 |4. 0 | |26 †30 yrs |6 |12. 0 | |31 †35 yrs |11 |22. | |36 †40 yrs |10 |20. 0 | |41 †45 yrs |11 |22. 0 | |45 †50 yrs |4 |8. 0 | | preceding(prenominal) 50 yrs |6 |12. 0 | | union 50 |100. 0 | [pic] certainty: Among the samples collected, nigh of the respondents are in the age group of 31 to 45 age. completely 16 partages of the respondents are in the age group of to a lower place 30 historic period. However, 12 per centumage of the respondents entertain crossed 50 age of age. Table-4. 3: association of the Respondents |EXPERIENCE | absolute frequency | per centum | | little than 6 yrs |8 |16. | |6 †10 yrs |17 |34. 0 | |11 †15 yrs |8 |16. 0 | |16 †20 yrs |10 |20. 0 | |More than 20 yrs |7 |14. | | number |50 |100. 0 | [pic] evidence: From the high up put over it is discovered that most of the respondents (34%) are having 6 to 10 age of view. 20 pct of the respondents are having 16 to 20 old age of bed and 16 share of the respondents are having less than 6 days. However, 14 pct of the respondents are having more pay back (20 days and to a high place) which is the strength of the development of vikadan organization. Table †4. 4: Educational qualification of the Respondents EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION | frequence | portion | | racyer unoriginal |13 |26. 0 | |ITI |11 |22. 0 | |Under first |12 |24. 0 | | target graduation |4 |8. | | proficient |7 |14. 0 | |Non-Technical |3 |6. 0 | | descend |50 |100. 0 | [pic] evidence: It is most of the respondents are having schooling (26%) and ITI (22%) bringing up followed by under graduation (24%).\r\nEight share of the respondents are having post graduation level and 14 per centum of the respondents are having technical background. Table-4. 5: periodic Income of the Respondents |MONTHLY INCOME |frequency | percentageage | |Rs. 5000 †Rs. 10000 |8 |16. 0 | |Rs. 10001 †Rs. 15000 |10 |20. 0 | |Rs. 15001 †Rs . 0000 |16 |32. 0 | |Rs. 20001 †Rs. 25000 |9 |18. 0 | |Rs. 25001 †Rs. 30000 |5 |10. 0 | |Rs. 30001 †Rs. 35000 |2 |4. 0 | | total |50 |100. | [pic] illation: From the supra confuse it is detect that 32 and 20 share of the respondents are in Rs. 15001 to Rs. 20000 and Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 per month respectively. 14 part of the respondents are earning more than Rs. 25000 per month. scarcely 16 pct of the respondents draw less than Rs. 5000 per month. Table-4. 6: Respondents prospect more or less their section towards productivity |Productivity | frequence |Percent | | genuinely broad(prenominal) |7 |14. | | high gear |13 |26. 0 | | comely |6 |12. 0 | | silly |16 |32. 0 | | genuinely piteous |8 |16. 0 | | native |50 |100. 0 | [pic] proof:\r\nFrom the preceding(prenominal) display board it is plant that 14 part of the respondents twin that they set about contributed more for the amplification in productiveness, eon 26 part of the respondents judge that they waste slimly contributed for increase in productivity. However, 48 percent of the respondents defend that the show piteous division towards productivity. Table-4. 7: Respondents persona towards cut back the Waste |Wastage diminution | frequence |Percent | |Very High |4 |8. | |High |9 |18. 0 | | norm |6 |12. 0 | | scummy |26 |52. 0 | |Very execrable |5 |10. 0 | | number |50 |100. 0 | [pic] illation:\r\nIn order to know whether the employees have contributed towards diminution the waste, they were asked to give their tactual sensation, and based on their opinion, it is find that 62 percent of the respondents have brusque and very poor persona towards minify the waste. yet 26 percent of the respondents have high and very high level of donation towards reducing the waste which is shown in the bar diagram. Table-4. 8: Respondents’ donation towards step-down the termss | apostrophize lessening | frequence |Percent | |Very High |5 |10. | |H igh |18 |36. 0 | | mean(a) |16 |32. 0 | |poor people |5 |10. 0 | |Very lamentable |6 |12. 0 | | extreme |50 |100. 0 | [pic] inference: Wastage diminution will lead to monetary place reduction.\r\nIn order to know this, the respondents were asked to give their opinion and based on the results, it is identified that 46 percent of the respondents have high and very high plowshare towards reducing the costs, tour 32 percent of the respondents have average contribution, and 22 percent of the respondents show poor contribution towards reducing the costs. Table-4. 9: Respondents’ Opinion about team Building Activities at figure out Place |level of happiness |Frequency |Percent | | super satisfied |2 |4. | |Satisfied |8 |16. 0 | | fair |18 |36. 0 | | displease |15 |30. 0 | | extremely disgruntled |7 |14. 0 | | come up |50 |100. 0 | [pic] evidence:\r\nFrom the in a higher(prenominal) place control panel we infer that 30 percent of the respondents opine that they are diss atisfied with the team grammatical construction activities at their workplace. 30 percent of the respondents are dissatisfied sequence 14 percent are highly dissatisfied towards team expression activities at their work place. Table-4. 10: Respondents’ allegiance take in the musical arrangement |Loyalty |Frequency |Percent | |Very correct |1 |2. 0 | | grave |4 |8. | | reasonable |9 |18. 0 | | swallow |23 |46. 0 | |Very inflict |13 |26. 0 | | numerate |50 |100. 0 | [pic] induction: From the above circuit board it is observed that 46 percent of the respondents are having low obedience level towards their organization, magical spell 26 percent of them are having very low fealty level.\r\nOnly 10 percent have good and very good dedication level. Table-4. 11: Respondents’ take of blessedness about their earnings | wage |Frequency |Percent | |highly Satisfied |3 |6. 0 | |Satisfied |21 |42. 0 | | middling |12 |24. 0 | | disgruntled |10 |20. | | extremely diss atisfy |4 |8. 0 | | fit |50 |100. 0 | [pic] consequence: From the slacken it is far-famed that 42 percent of the respondents are satisfied with their salary and 6 percent of the respondents are highly satisfied. 24 percent of the respondents show average satisfaction and 28 percent of the respondents depict dissatisfaction towards their salary. Table-4. 12: Respondents’ aim of blessedness about their works Hours fetching Hours |Frequency |Percent | | potently retard |3 |6. 0 | | withstand |20 |40. 0 | | indifferent |14 |28. 0 | | disaccord |11 |22. 0 | |Strongly Dis restrain |2 |4. | | measure |50 |100. 0 | [pic] certainty: From the parry it is storied that 40 percent respondents’ have hold that they are satisfied with their working hours. 28 percent of the respondents show neutral opinion while 22 percent show disagreement towards their working hours. Table-4. 13: Respondents thing in riddle Solving | contact |Frequency |Percent | | change magnitude |18 |36. | |No Change |20 |40. 0 | | change magnitude |12 |24. 0 | | sum of money |50 |100. 0 | [pic] evidence: From the above shelve it is noted that 40 percent of the respondents show that their date level do not change in the past three age, and 36 percent of the respondents opine that their involvement level has been changed for the past 3 days.\r\nOnly 24 percent of the respondents argued that their involvement level decreased in the past 3 age. Table-4. 14: Respondents’ Feeling of demand |Motivation |Frequency |Percent | | braggart(a) Extent |2 |4. 0 | |Reasonable Extent |18 |36. 0 | |Average |11 |22. 0 | |Certain |15 |30. | |Not at all |4 |8. 0 | | total |50 |100. 0 | [pic] inference: From the above elude it is noted that 36 percent of the employees felt that their motivation has increased to a reasonable extent, 22 percent of the respondents argue that it has an average increase, while 30 percent of the respondents opine that the motivation has shown a beneath a verage increase.\r\nHowever, 8 percent of the respondents argue that their motivation has not at all increased. Table-4. 15: Respondents’ Opinion about team expression in their working(a) Environment | group Spirit |Frequency |Percent | | honourable |8 |16. 0 | |Average |13 |26. 0 | | trim back |20 |40. | |Very Lower |9 |18. 0 | |Total |50 |100. 0 | [pic] INFERENCE: Form the above table it is noted that 58 percent of the respondents have lower and very lower level of team spirit, while 16 percent of the respondents are having good team spirit, which is the indication of success of the organization. Table-4. 16: Respondents’ level of Satisfaction about their team spirit in the make-up level of Satisfaction |Frequency |Percent | |Satisfied |11 |22. 0 | |Average |14 |28. 0 | |dissatisfied |22 |44. 0 | | passing displease |3 |6. 0 | |Total |50 |100. 0 | [pic] INFERENCE:\r\nFrom the above table it is plant that only 22 percent of the respondents are satisfied while 6 percent of the respondents are highly dissatisfied with the morale of the organization. Table-4. 17: Employees’ submit over Quality in the Organization |Level of knead |Frequency |Percent | |Highly Influence |3 |6. 0 | |Influence |13 |26. 0 | | clean Influence |28 |56. | |No Influence |6 |12. 0 | |Total |50 |100. 0 | [pic] INFERENCE: From the above table it is observed that 56 percent of the respondents opine that employees have several(prenominal)what act over quality, while 26 percent of the respondents agree that the employees have catch over quality. However, 12 percent of the respondents report that the employees do not have any govern on the quality.\r\nTable-4. 18: Respondents’ Opinion about the Recognition as Individuals |Opinion |Frequency |Percent | | ceaselessly |7 |14. 0 | | close totimes |16 |32. 0 | | rarely |8 |16. 0 | |never |14 |28. | |No subject |5 |10. 0 | |Total |50 |100. 0 | [pic] INFERENCE: From the above table it is inferred that 14 perce nt of the respondents agree that they ever so get recognition, while 32 percent of the respondents any(prenominal)whattimes get recognition. It could be noted that 28 percent of the respondents agree that individuals never get any recognition from the organization. Table-4. 9: Respondents’ level of enormousness towards put packaging the suggestions |Level of immenseness |Frequency |Percent | |Importance |6 |12. 0 | |Fairly Importance |8 |16. 0 | |Somewhat Importance |17 |34. 0 | |No Importance |19 |38. | |Total |50 |100. 0 | [pic] INFERENCE: On observing the table, it could be understood that 38 percent of the respondents show no splendor while put forwarding the suggestions to management, whereas 34 percent of the respondents show manywhat importance, while 12 percent of the respondents agree that it is important to put forwarding suggestions to management. Table-4. 20: Respondents’ Level of Satisfaction about match of Family life and Work life Level of Satis faction |Frequency |Percent | |Highly Satisfied |2 |4. 0 | |Satisfied |16 |32. 0 | | look intoly Satisfied |9 |18. 0 | |Dissatisfied |18 |36. 0 | |Highly Dissatisfied |5 |10. | |Total |50 |100. 0 | [pic] INFERENCE: From the above table it is inferred that the respondents are in both the categories. That is, 46 percent of the respondents are dissatisfied and be 56 percent of the respondents are satisfied in Balancing their Family manners and Work Life Table-4. 21: Respondents’ Opinion about Training Programme organized by the Company |Level of Satisfaction |Frequency |Percent | |Highly Satisfied |1 |2. | |Satisfied |5 |10. 0 | |Moderately Satisfied |8 |16. 0 | |Dissatisfied |28 |56. 0 | |Highly Dissatisfied |8 |16. 0 | |Total |50 |100. 0 | [pic] INFERENCE\r\nFrom the above table it is observed that most of the respondents opine that they were not satisfied by the fosterage programme conducted by the organization. However, 12 percent of the employees are satisfied while 16 percent of the employees are moderately satisfied. On seeing the Bar diagram, it is observed that on total 72 percent of the employee are not satisfied with the training programme. Table-4. 22: race among progress and section towards Productivity Ho: at that place is no kindred in the midst of age and productivity H1: in that respect is some kinship mingled with age and productivity\r\n thwartwise tabulation | period |Productivity |Total | | |Poor | sluggish |High | | | beneath 30 historic period |3 |1 |4 |8 | |30 †45 days |13 |5 |14 |32 | | in a higher place 45 age |4 | |6 |10 | |Total |20 |6 |24 |50 |\r\nChi-Square Tests | | cling to |df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |11. 995 |4 |. 037 | | likeliness balance |13. 146 |4 |. 034 | |Linear-by-Linear companionship |8. 044 |1 |. 34 | |N of valid Cases |50 | | | coefficient of coefficient of correlativity | | | pry |Asymp. Std. erroneous belief |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | | time interval by i nterval |Pearsons R |. 103 |. 121 |. 720 |0. 475 | | ordinal number by no. |Spearman correlativity |. 085 |. 29 |. 594 |0. 555 | |N of well-grounded Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above abbreviation it is demonstrate that though in that respect is a alliance betwixt age and productivity, the square up of age on productivity is meager. interlingual rendition: Since the table quantify is put to be higher than the metrical quantify, the idle meditation is rejected.\r\n swop theory has been evaluate which intend that in that location is some human consanguinity betwixt age and productivity. From correlation table, it is identified that the Pearson R vale is 0. 103 which is positive and consequently thither is a positive family amid age and productivity. Table-4. 23: kinship mingled with season and Contribution towards Wastage reduction Ho: on that point is no affinity in the midst of age and wastage decrease H1: in that location is some affinit y among age and Wastage drop-off coddle tabulation period |Wastage reducing |Total | | |Poor | immaterial |High | | | under 30 long time |4 | |4 |8 | |30 †45 geezerhood |7 |3 |22 |32 | | higher up 45 geezerhood |2 |3 |5 |10 | |Total |13 |6 |31 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | | protect |df |Asymp.\r\nSig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |16. 617 |4 |. 015 | | likeliness proportion |16. 455 |4 |. 016 | |Linear-by-Linear tie-up |8. 379 |1 |. 053 | |N of legal Cases |50 | | | correlation coefficient | | | pry |Asymp. Std. faulting |Approx.\r\nT |Approx. Sig. | | time interval by detachment|Pearsons R |. 022 |. 145 |. 154 |. 879 | | ordinal number by ordinal number |Spearman correlation coefficient|. 029 |. 146 |. 198 |. 844 | |N of reasoned Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above abbreviation it is run aground that though at that place is a kin amid age and wastage reduction, the influence of age on wastage reduction is meagre.. explanation:\r\nSince the table en courage is lay down to be higher than the cypher survey, the nugatory shot is rejected. swop scheme has been authoritative which fashion that thither is some kind amidst age and wastage reduction From correlation table it is observed that the Pearson correlation cling to is 0. 022 which is positive and hence, in that location is a positive kin in the midst of age and contribution towards wastages. . Table-4. 24: family among old age and Contribution towards exist Reduction Ho: in that location is no kin among age and follow Reduction H1: at that place is some kind amidst age and Cost Reduction\r\n crossway tabulation | long time |Cost Reduction |Total | | |Poor | immaterial |High | | | to a lower place 30 old age |5 |2 |1 |8 | |30 †45 years |18 |10 |4 |32 | |supra 45 years | |4 |6 |10 | |Total |23 |16 |11 |50 |\r\nChi-Square Tests | | apprize |df |Asymp. Sig. | | | | |(2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |14. 337 |4 |. 006 | | likeliness proportionalit y |17. 017 |4 |. 002 | |Linear-by-Linear railroad tie |9. 650 |1 |. 002 | |N of reasoned Cases |50 | | |\r\ncorrelation coefficient | | | quantify |Asymp. Std. misapprehension |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | | time interval by detachment|Pearsons R |. 451 |. 117 |3. 502 |. 001 | | ordinal number by ordinal |Spearman coefficient of correlation|. 344 |. 139 |2. 539 |. 014 | |N of legal Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE:\r\nFrom the above summary it is engraft that though thither is a blood betwixt age and cost reduction, the influence of age on cost reduction is plentiful. variation: Since the table value is establish to be higher than the careful value, the trifling supposition is rejected, the alternative guess has been true which agency that in that respect is some kind amid age and cost reduction. Pearson R value (0. 451) in correlation coefficient table proves that at that place is positive kind amongst age and contribution towards cost reduction. Table-4. 25: kinship amongst grow and team up Building\r\nHo: at that place is no affinity amongst age and group Building H1: in that location is some family kindred betwixt age and team up Building louse up Tabulation | mount up |Team Building |Total | | |Dissatisfied |Moderate |Satisfied | | |Below 30 years |1 |3 |4 |8 | |30 †45 years |6 |13 |13 |32 | | in a higher place 45 years |3 |2 |5 |10 | |Total |10 |18 |22 |50 |\r\nChi-Square Tests | | apprise |Df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |1. 886 |4 |. 757 | | likeliness proportion |1. 981 |4 |. 739 | |Linear-by-Linear affiliation |. 206 |1 |. 650 | |N of binding Cases |50 | | |\r\nINFERENCE: From the above analytic thinking it is implant that on that point is no human descent amongst age and team building activity in the work place. reading: Since the table value is install to be lesser than the metrical value, the delusive hypothesis is accepted; thither is no race between age and their opinion abo ut the team building activities adopted in their work place. Table-4. 26: birth between old age and Loyalty Ho: in that location is no affinity between age and Loyalty Level of employees H1: at that place is blood between age and Loyalty Level of Employees\r\n give chase Tabulation | climb on |Loyalty Level |Total | | |Poor |Average | fair | | |Below 30 years |1 |1 |6 |8 | |30 †45 years |3 |6 |23 |32 | |Above 45 years |1 |2 |7 |10 | |Total |5 |9 |36 |50 |\r\nChi-Square Tests | | apprise |df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |16. 245 |4 |. 033 | | likeliness dimension |15. 257 |4 |. 032 | |Linear-by-Linear friendship |8. 007 |1 |. 032 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | |\r\n correlational statistics | | | lever |Asymp. Std. wrongful conduct |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | | separation by Interval|Pearsons R |. 053 |. clxv |. 366 |. 716 | |no. by no. |Spearman correlational statistics|. 125 |. 154 |. 872 |. 388 | |N of Valid Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above summary it is imbed that though there is a relationship etween age and truth level, the influence of age on loyalty level is meagre. exposition: Since the table value is put up to be higher than the reason value, the null hypothesis is rejected. throw hypothesis has been accepted which authority that there exists some relationship between age and employees’ loyalty level in the organization. correlational statistics table shows that the Pearson R value is 0. 053 which is positive and hence there is a positive relationship between age and loyalty. Table-4. 27: Relationship between Age and esprit de corps\r\nHo: at that place is no relationship between age and Morale H1: There is some relationship between age and Morale sweep up Tabulation |Age |Morale |Total | | |Dissatisfied |Average |Satisfied | | |Below 30 years | |4 |4 |8 | |30 †45 years |8 |2 |22 |32 | |Above 45 years |4 |2 |4 |10 | |Total |12 |8 |30 |50 |\r\nChi-Square Tests | | harbor |df|Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |7. 896 |4 |. 042 | | likeliness proportion |9. 386 |4 |. 025 | |Linear-by-Linear acquaintance |6. 559 |1 |. 045 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | | Correlation | | |Value |Asymp. Std. Error |Approx.\r\nT |Approx. Sig. | |Interval by Interval |Pearsons R |. 107 |. 126 |. 744 |0. 461 | |Ordinal by Ordinal |Spearman Correlation |. 080 |. 133 |. 555 |0. 582 | |N of Valid Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above abbreviation it is shew that though there is a relationship between age and morale, the influence of age on morale is meagre.\r\n variation: Since the table value is found to be higher than the reckon value, the null hypothesis is rejected. parachute hypothesis has been accepted which performer that there is some relationship between age and morale. From correlation table, it is identified that the Pearson R vale is 0. 103 which is positive and hence there is a positive relationship between age and morale. Table-4. 28: Relationship between Age a nd pay Ho: There is no relationship between age and Salary H1: There is some relationship between age and Salary\r\n span Tabulation |Age |Salary |Total | | |Dissatisfied |Moderate |Satisfied | | |Below 30 years |5 |3 | |8 | |30 †45 years |13 |8 |11 |32 | |Above 45 years |6 |1 |3 |10 | |Total |24 |12 |14 |50 |\r\nChi-Square Tests | |Value |Df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |5. 169 |4 |. 270 | |likelihood Ratio |7. 487 |4 |. 112 | |Linear-by-Linear fellowship |. 437 |1 |. 508 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | |\r\nINFERENCE: From the above analysis it is found that there is no relationship between age and their level of satisfaction of their salary. INTERPRETATION: Since the table value is found to be lesser than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is accepted; there is no relationship between age and their level of satisfaction of their salary. Table-4. 29: Relationship between Age and Working Hours Ho: There is no relationship between age and Working hours\r\nH 1: There is some relationship between age and Working hours Cross Tabulation |Age |Working Hours |Total | | |Disagree |Neutral | accord | | |Below 30 years |5 |3 | |8 | |30 †45 years |13 |6 |13 |32 | |Above 45 years |5 |5 | |10 | |Total |23 |14 |13 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | |Value |Df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |10. 986 |4 |. 027 | |Likelihood Ratio |15. 011 |4 |. 005 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |. 13 |1 |. 910 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | | Correlation | | |Value |Asymp. Std. Error |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | |Interval by Interval|Pearsons R |-. 165 |. 119 |-1. 158 |. 252 | |Ordinal by Ordinal |Spearman Correlation|-. 158 |. 134 |-1. 112 |. 272 | |N of Valid Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE:\r\nFrom the above analysis it is found that though there is a relationship between age and working hours, the influence of age on working hours is meagre. INTERPRETATION: Since the table value is found to be higher than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is rejected. whence, alternate hypothesis has been accepted which means that there exists some minus relationship between age and working hours set by the organization. Pearson correlation value of -0. 165 denotes that there exists controvert relationship between age and working hours set by the management. Table-4. 31: Relationship between Age and Involvement Ho: There is no relationship between age and Involvement H1: There is some relationship between age and Involvement\r\nCross Tabulation |Age |Involvement |Total | | |Decreased |No Change |Increased | | |Below 30 years |4 |2 |2 |8 | |30 †45 years |11 |13 |8 |32 | |Above 45 years |3 |5 |2 |10 | |Total |18 |20 |12 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | |Value |df|Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |1. 345 |4 |. 854 | |Likelihood Ratio |1. 360 |4 |. 851 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |. gross |1 |. 05 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | | INFERENCE: From the above analysis it is found that there is no relationship between age and involvement in p roblem solving. INTERPRETATION: Since the table value is found to be lesser than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is accepted; there is no relationship between age and involvement in problem solving. Table-4. 32: Relationship between learn and Contribution towards Productivity Ho: There is no relationship between sire and productivity H1: There is some relationship between see to it and productivity\r\nCross tabulation | intimacy |Productivity |Total | | |Poor |Neutral |High | | |Less than 10 years |9 |4 |12 |25 | |10 to 20 years |9 |2 |7 |18 | |Above 20 years |2 | |5 |7 | |Total |20 |6 |24 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | |Value |Df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |13. 076 |4 |. 045 | |Likelihood Ratio |12. 796 |4 |. 034 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |8. 091 |1 |. 063 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | |\r\nCorrelation | | |Value |Asymp. Std. Error |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | |Interval by Interval|Pearsons R |-. 033 |. 126 |-. 231 |. 818 | |Ordinal by Ordinal |Spearman C orrelation|-. 038 |. 129 |-. 265 |. 792 | |N of Valid Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above analysis it is found that though there is a relationship between pass and contribution towards productivity. INTERPRETATION:\r\nSince the table value is found to be higher than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is rejected. consequently, alternate hypothesis has been accepted which means that there is negative relationship between acquire and their contribution towards productivity. On observing the correlation table, the Pearson R value of -0. 033 denotes a negative relationship between association and productivity. Table-4. 33 :Relationship between Experience and Contribution towards Wastage Reduction Ho: There is no relationship between Experience and wastage reduction H1: There is some relationship between experience and wastage reduction\r\nCross Tabulation |Experience |Wastage Reduction |Total | | |Poor |Neutral |High | | |Less than 10 years |8 |2 |15 |25 | |10 to 20 years |4 |2 |12 |18 | |Above 20 years |1 |2 |4 |7 | |Total |13 |6 |31 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | |Value |Df |Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |12. 867 |4 |. 038 | |Likelihood Ratio |12. 514 |4 |. 042 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |7. 315 |1 |. 055 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | |\r\nCorrelation | | |Value |Asymp. Std. Error |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | |Interval by Interval|Pearsons R |-. 019 |. 153 |-. 133 |. 894 | |Ordinal by Ordinal |Spearman Correlation|-. 019 |. 155 |-. one hundred thirty-five |. 893 | |N of Valid Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above analysis it is found that though there is a relationship between experience and wastage reduction. Hence the influence of experience on wastage reduction is meagre. INTERPRETATION:\r\nSince the table value is found to be higher than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, alternate hypothesis has been accepted which means that there exists some negative relationship between experience and wast age reduction. Pearson correlation value of -0. 165 denotes that there exists negative relationship between experience and wastage reduction Table-4. 34: Relationship between Experience and Contribution towards Cost Reduction Ho: There is no relationship between Experience and Cost reduction H1: There is some relationship between experience and cost reduction Cross Tabulation |Experience |Cost Reduction |Total | | Poor |Neutral |High | | |Less than 10 years |12 |9 |4 |25 | |10 to 20 years |11 |6 |1 |18 | |Above 20 years | |1 |6 |7 | |Total |23 |16 |11 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | |Value |df|Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |20. 495 |4 |. 000 | |Likelihood Ratio |19. 287 |4 |. 001 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |5. 781 |1 |. 016 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | |\r\nCorrelation | | |Value |Asymp. Std. Error |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | |Interval by Interval|Pearsons R |. 418 |. 133 |3. 186 |. 003 | |Ordinal by Ordinal |Spearman Correlation|. 301 |. 151 |2. 185 |. 034 | |N of Valid C ases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above analysis it is found that though there is a relationship between experience and contribution on cost reduction.\r\nHence the influence of experience on cost reduction is plentiful. INTERPRETATION: Since the table value is found to be higher than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is rejected. substitute(a) hypothesis has been accepted which means that there is positive relationship between experience and their contribution towards cost reduction. The Pearson R value of 0. 418 denotes that there is a positive relationship between experience and contribution towards cost reduction. Table-4. 34: Relationship between Experience and Team Building Ho: There is no relationship between Experience and Team Building H1: There is some relationship between experience and Team Building\r\nCross Tabulation |Experience |Team Building |Total | | |Dissatisfied |Moderate |Satisfied | | |Less than 10 years |2 |10 |13 |25 | |10 to 20 years |6 |7 |5 | 18 | |Above 20 years |2 |1 |4 |7 | |Total |10 |18 |22 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | |Value |df|Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |6. 442 |4 |. 168 | |Likelihood Ratio |7. 066 |4 |. 132 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |1. 444 |1 |. 229 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | | INFERENCE:\r\nFrom the above analysis it is found that is, there is no relationship between employees’ experience and their opinion about team building activities involved in their work place. INTERPRETATION: Since the table value is found to be lesser than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is accepted; there is no relationship between experience and team building activities. Table-4. 35: Relationship between Experience and Loyalty Ho: There is no relationship between Experience and Loyalty Level H1: There is some relationship between experience and Loyalty Level Cross Tabulation |Experience |Loyalty Level |Total | | Poor |Average |Good | | |Less than 10 years |2 |5 |18 |25 | |10 to 20 years |2 |3 |13 |18 | |Above 20 years |1 |1 |5 |7 | |Total |5 |9 |36 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | |Value |df|Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |12. 378 |4 |. 040 | |Likelihood Ratio |12. 372 |4 |. 051 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |9. 062 |1 |. 032 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | |\r\nCorrelation | | |Value |Asymp. Std. Error |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | |Interval by Interval|Pearsons R |-. 418 |. 133 |-3. 186 |. 003 | |Ordinal by Ordinal |Spearman Correlation|-. 301 |. 151 |-2. 185 |. 034 | |N of Valid Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above analysis it is found that though there is a relationship between experience and their loyalty level in the organization.\r\nHence the influence of experience on loyalty level is meagre. INTERPRETATION: Since the table value is found to be higher than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is rejected. Alternate hypothesis has been accepted which means that there is negative relationship between experience and their loyalty level in the organization. Correlation table shows the Pearson R value as -0. 418 which is negative and hence there is negative relationship between experience and loyalty. Table-4. 36; Relationship between Experience and Morale Ho: There is no relationship between Experience and Morale H1: There is some relationship between experience and Morale\r\nCross Tabulation |Experience |Morale |Total | | |Dissatisfied |Average |Satisfied | | |Less than 10 years |5 |5 |15 |25 | |10 to 20 years |6 |2 |10 |18 | |Above 20 years |1 |1 |5 |7 | |Total |12 |8 |30 |50 | Chi-Square Tests | |Value |df|Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) | |Pearson Chi-Square |11. 634 |4 |. 038 | |Likelihood Ratio |13. 829 |4 |. 030 | |Linear-by-Linear Association |8. 939 |1 |. 33 | |N of Valid Cases |50 | | | Correlation | | |Value |Asymp. Std. Error |Approx. T |Approx. Sig. | |Interval by Interval|Pearsons R |. 138 |. 142 |. 368 |. 338 | |Ordinal by Ordinal |Spearman Correlation|. receipts |. 142 |1. 008 |. 319 | |N of Valid Cases | |50 | | | | INFERENCE: From the above analysis it is found that though there is a relationship between experience and morale.\r\nHence the influence of experience on morale is plentiful. INTERPRETATION: Since the table value is found to be higher than the calculated value, the null hypothesis is rejected. Alternate hypothesis has been accepted which means that there is a relationship between experience and their level of satisfaction towards morale. The Pearson R value of 0. 138 denotes that the relationship between experience and morale is positive. That is, employees who have more experience are satisfied toward morale. Table-4. 37: Relationship between Experience and Salary Ho: There is no relationship between Experience and salary H1: There is some relationship between experien\r\n'