'Comparison of Batteries\r'

'Lead Acid jail cellphone vs. get-up-and-go Cell Lead acerb cells were invented in 1859 by the French Physicist Gaston Plante, and argon the oldest types of rechargeable batteries. These types of batteries typically weigh at 5kg, but can set about from half a kilogram to over 30 kilograms on the consumer market. though their alchemy means a actually low nothing-to-weight and energy-to-volume ratio in similitude to other modern batteries, their ability to supply lavishly surge currents means that the cells maintain a enormous power-to-weight ratio.This makes them elevatedly desirable for use in self-aggrandizing appliances such as locomote vehicles, which ingest the high current provided by this type of electric battery. In comparison, Button cells argon much itsy-bitsyer than corpus acidulent cells. Button cells be shaped as small, crump cylinders ordinarily 5 to 22mm in diameter and amidst 1 to 6mm in height and weigh minute over several grams. The voltage an d current weed by these batteries are small and steady, and these properties make them very commensurate for powering small portable electronic devices such as wrist watches, pocket calculators, perceive aids, and sometimes pacemakers.These batteries are usually not rechargeable, and last a colossal time, though lifespan depends on chemical firearm and use. Chemistry Lead acid calls use a chemical play offion in order to dumbfound a voltage between the output terminals. The battery contains two nursing homes, and the discharge process is driven by the conduction of electrons from the negative plate back into the cell at the positive plate. All lead acid sells use Lead Sulfate in their reactions. These chemicals were in the beginning contained as a liquid, but a proficiency has now been genuine in which a jelly electrolyte is used, preventing dodgingage.Negative plate reaction: Pb(s) + HSO? 4(aq) > PbSO4(s) + H+(aq) + 2e- Positive plate reaction: PbO2(s) + HSO? 4(aq) + 3H +(aq) + 2e- > PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) Overall reaction: Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4(aq) > 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) Button cells are single cells, and are Primary cells, macrocosm not rechargeable. Button cells bring in both an Anode and Cathode separated by a separator contained within a admixture â€Å"can”. Common anode materials are surface or lithium, and in that location are a range of cathode materials, including manganese dioxide, silver oxide, and cupric oxide.Of notable mention is the mercurous oxide button cell, which was banned due to the toxicity and environmental hazard of mercury. Reaction between silver oxide (cathode) and zinc (anode): Zn + Ag2O ZnO + 2Ag These batteries are dry batteries, and are created with the exalted of a pine lifetime. As such, they rarely leak if ever, and boast a steady electricity performance over a long period of time. both(prenominal) Lead acid cells and button cells rely on chemical reactions for the production of their energy.Howev er, where a lead-acid cell would typically use an anode and cathode within a liquid or gel medium, button cells use solid anode and cathodes which react with each other through a separator. This reflects their uses; where the interpersonal chemistry of a lead acid battery allows it to produce double amounts of electricity in surges as call for to start appliances such as motor vehicles, the chemistry of Button cells allows for a slow and steady drop of small amounts of charge. Cost and Practicality As was reflected upon under the chemistry subtitle, the batteries nonplus been designed, and retain their designs, to specifically fit their uses.Though the size of the lead acid batteries does not allow for the powering of small portable devices such as watches, it maintains its usefulness in considerabler appliances and uses such as motor vehicles, which require a large amount of electrical energy to start up, but does not require a steady flow of energy. This is reflected in the property of these batteries being able to release large surges of energy. As these are designed for long use and provide large power, the cost for these are quite high, ranging from $100 to $ccc each.In comparison, the button cell battery is used for very small applications such as wrist watches and hearing aids. This is reflected in their small, convenience, and ability to provide a long lasting, steady flow of energy. However, this means that they are inefficient to supply large amounts of energy at a time, and are therefore unfit for use in industry and larger appliances such as motor vehicles. The cost of these batteries is much cheaper than that of the large, lead acid batteries, rarely coming up to above a a few(prenominal) dollars. Impact on SocietyBatteries have had a large impact on clubhouse since their invention. In particular, lead acid batteries were among the first to be invented. These batteries have had a major(ip) impact on society; They have allowed for the pow ering of motor vehicles, which have become a major component in the lives of many living in developed cities. Though an older model of battery, these batteries preserve to hold significant impact on society even today. In comparison, button cells power small, hold portable appliances such as watches and hearing aids.This is asignificant unlikeness from the impact of lead acid batteries. However, both batteries have impacted the life of many in developed societies, generally making life easier, and more well-to-do for all. Environmental impact Lead acid batteries are extremely unfounded to the environment. Lead is a hazardous metal, and poisonous to both environments and animals, and humans are not excepted. Though the use of lead in batteries is usually very controlled, the production of it is not; of three plants in Australia, two have required strict non-residential zones of 2-3 km.This implies that though all safety precautions are being taken, there is still a peril of cont amination and danger to the environment. In comparison, button cells are much safer. Though non rechargeable, their recyclability means the mining of the metals used in batteries is rock-bottom to a minimum. However, the environmental impact of these materials is determined by the actual materials used. This was reflected upon in the past, when mercuric oxide batteries were banned for the toxicity and environmental damage caused by mercury. References ttp://www. powerstream. com/Size_SLA. htm http://hyperphysics. phy-astr. gsu. edu/hbase/electric/leadacid. hypertext markup language http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Lead%E2%80%93acid_battery#Electrochemistry http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Silver-oxide_battery http://batteryuniversity. com/learn/article/types_of_battery_cells http://science. howstuffworks. com/electric-battery-info1. htm http://electrochem. cwru. edu/encycl/art-b02-batt-nonr. htm http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Button_cell#Properties_of_different_types http://www. lead. org. au/lanv3n2/lanv3n2-5. html\r\n'